Family models of pension co-financing: assessing development prospects in contemporary Russian conditions

Abstract

Amid global demographic and economic challenges, including population aging, declining birth rates, and rising economic inequality, traditional financial models of social security demonstrate limited effectiveness in achieving national development goals related to a broad range of social objectives. In Russia, increased competition between priority areas of public spending necessitates the search for innovative social security financing mechanisms. The study aims to substantiate the concept of family-based provision as a supplementary funding source for social protection, designed to stimulate birth rates, strengthen intergenerational ties, and enhance the financial sustainability of Russia’s social sector. A family model of social security linking parental pension benefits to the income and number of children raised through a 1–3% redistribution of the payroll fund has been proposed. The conceptual model integrates progressive taxation and tax incentives to encompass all income groups and expands the objectives of social policy from poverty reduction to achieving national goals. The study employs a historical-comparative analysis of the evolution of social security models, statistical analysis of Rosstat and ILO data, and examination of international experiences with funded systems. The proposed family model, integrating demographic and social policies, has been designed to enhance the efficiency of social sector financing, stimulate birth rates, and strengthen the family institution.