Vectors of development of energy cooperation between Russia and foreign countries under economic sanctions

The subject of this study is the modern aspects of Russia’s positioning in the global energy space. They are associated with the shift from the previously established liberal world order and the trend towards new polarisation in the world economic system, as well as with the increasing risks of turbulence in world energy markets. In this regard, it is extremely important to assess the real impact of economic sanctions on the nature of relationships and determine promising vectors for the development of energy cooperation between Russia and foreign countries. The research methodology includes analysis and synthesis methods and a historical approach, which are productively used to assess the tactical and strategic actions of our country in the system of international energy cooperation. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of theoretical approaches and assessment of the practical implementation of energy cooperation with foreign countries. Those priority interests are considered that determine the economic sovereignty and identity of Russia in the conditions of a gradual but categorical shift of the world community from the previously established imperatives of liberalism and economic globalisation. The article is of an overview nature and describes the key areas of cooperation in the oil and gas and coal industries. Its main provisions may be used for long-term researches related to modernising the strategy of Russia’s foreign economic relations and increasing the level of its foreign economic security in the context of new global challenges.

1. Smirnov E.N. Post-pandemic recovery of the global economy. MGIMO Review of International Relations. 2021;14(2):47–71. http://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2021-2-77-47-71 (In Russian).

2. Antropova M.Yu., Aturin V.V., Kanunnikova A.M., Moga I.S., Pasko A.V., Smagulova S.M. Workshop on global economics and international business: textbook. M.: LCC “Ru-Science”; 2023. 148 p. (In Russian).

3. Polyakov V.V. World economy and international business. Express course. 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. Moscow: KnoRus; 2015. 278 p. (In Russian).

4. Hu M., Wenquan T. Chinese-Russian trade and economic cooperation in the new development architectonics: review, status and prospects. International trade. 2021;3:19–26. (In Russian).

5. Smirnov E.N. Escalation of anti-Russian sanctions and its implications for the global economy. Russian Foreign Economic Bulletin. 2023;2:80–93. http://doi.org/10.24412/2072-8042-2023-2-80-93 (In Russian).

6. Smagulova S.M. New vectors of global energy development: priorities of Russia and foreign countries: monograph. Novosibirsk: LLC “SibAC”; 2022. 346 p. (In Russian).

7. Zakharov A.N. Russian-Chinese cooperation in the energy sector. Russian Foreign Economic Bulletin. 2023;7:24–29. http://doi.org/10.24412/2072-8042-2023-7-24-29 (In Russian).

8. The Russian-Chinese energy business forum. Investment landscape of the Russian-Chinese energy cooperation 2021. https://rcebf.com/atlas/ru/investment-landscape-russian-energy-sector.html (accessed 29.08.2023). (In Russian).

9. Rosneft. “Udmurtneft” marks 15 years of work under the management of Rosneft and Sinopec. https://www.rosneft.ru/press/news/item/207269/ (accessed 27.08.2023). (In Russian).

10. Mekhtieva S.I., Vyazovsii I.V. Russia-China energy cooperation at the SCO: new approaches in the 21st century. Humanitarian emphasis. 2021;3:22–24. (In Russian).

11. Borovskii Yu.V. The problem of energy security in Russia’s relations with the outside world: cooperation, competition and rivalry (1991–2021). Diss. … Dr. Sci. (Hist.): 07.00.15. Moscow: MGIMO University of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; 2022. 535 p. (In Russian).

12. Gazprom. Amursky gas processing plant. https://www.gazprom.ru/projects/amur-gpp/ (accessed 29.08.2023). (In Russian).

13. Arctic LNG 2. Official website. https://arcticspg.ru (accessed 30.08.2023). (In Russian).

14. Rosneft. LLC “Taas-Yuryakh Neftegazodobycha.” https://clck.ru/36hutz (accessed 30.08.2023). (In Russian).

15. Caspian Pipeline Consortium. Official website. https://www.cpc.ru/RU/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 01.09.2023). (In Russian).

16. Pyhov P.A. Assessing the impact of sanctions on Russia’s energy security. Creative economy. 2022;12(16):4731–4746. https://doi.org/10.18334/ce.16.12.116997 (In Russian).

17. Vyshegorodtsev D. The state of interaction between Russia and the EU countries in the energy sector: July 2023. Geoeconomics of energy. Enclosure. 2023;3(23):1–4. (In Russian).

18. Gazprom. Blue Stream. https://www.gazprom.ru/projects/blue-stream/ (accessed 02.09.2023). (In Russian).

19. CDU TEK. Official website. https://www.cdu.ru/catalog/statistic/?SECTION_CODE=statistic&set_filter=y&arrFilter_46_4252452532=Y&PAGEN_1=7 (accessed 03.09.2023). (In Russian).

20. Moga I.S. Russia’s place on the world coal market. Vestnik universiteta. 2018;8:87–92. https://doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2018-8-87-92 (In Russian).

21. Russian Council on International Affairs. Russia and Turkey: state and prospects of energy cooperation. https://russiancouncil.ru/papers/Russia-Turkey-Energy-WorkingPaper63.pdf (accessed 05.09.2023). (In Russian).

22. Kommersant. Russian coal has floated away from Turkey. https://www.kommersant.ru/amp/5434812 (accessed 06.09.2023). (In Russian).

23. PolitIQ. The European Union and Russia: challenges and prospects of cooperation in the energy sector. https://skills.politiq.ru/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ES-i-Russiya-vyzovy-i-perspektivy-sotrudnichestva.pdf (accessed 06.09.2023). (In Russian).