The relationship of tax instruments and performance indicators of companies to ensure the environmental component of sustainable development in Russia

The article lists the categories that can be  considered as  taxation instruments. It   is proposed to   regard tax burden as  the main instrument of   tax policy for realising sustainable development of   the country. It   is concluded that in   practice the consequences of   its increase and decrease can be   difficult to  predict. One of   the reasons lies in  the fact that financial decisions of   companies are influenced not so   much by  the size of  the tax burden as   by the change in  profitability provoked by   it. The comparison of   the tax burden and profitability indicators for all sectors of  the Russian economy has been conducted. The correlation of   the profitability (profitability of   goods sold and profitability of   assets) and the tax burden indicators by  industries of  the Russian economy has been calculated. The results are ambiguous: it  is concluded that there is   no connection between the environmental friendliness of   the type of   activity and the interdependence between the industry indicators of   the tax burden and profitability. It   has been found that not only the tax burden, but also the level of   profitability are differentiated by  industry. The classification of   economic activities by  the degree of   environmental friendliness is   proposed: directly affecting the environment, associated with the impact on   it, associated with indicators of  environmental safety, activities that have no  direct connection with the environment.

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