Key factors in dynamics of Russia’s coal export to Europe during the sanctions period in the context of the EU green agenda
https://doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2024-12-102-114
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to identify and assess the key factors in dynamics of Russia’s coal export to Europe in 2014–2023 in the context of the EU green agenda, transforming energy balance of its member states in terms of reducing their non-ecological energy consumption and coal imports, as well as the use of coal by economic sectors, including the steel industry of the leaders in steel production and the EU’s largest CO2 emitters such as Germany, Italy, Spain, France, and Poland. The dynamics of Russia’s coal production and export, the geographical structure of coal supplies, price trends, and the dynamics of Europe’s coal consumption and import have been analyzed. The relevance of the green energy transition in the EU and its contradictions in the context of coal import growth in Europe in 2021–2022 have been determined. The nature and dynamics in certain countries’ dependence, including “dirty” economies, on coal import from Russia has been assessed. As an additional destabilizing factor, the 2022 sanctions have been considered, which provoked the growth of Russia’s coal export to Turkey and along the Asian vector, as well as the reorientation of Europe to other exporters, primarily the USA, Australia, and Colombia as the key beneficiaries of the restrictions imposed by the EU. The prospects for Russia’s coal export to Europe have been assessed in the context of boosting current trends, given the objective need of most countries for cheap raw materials.
About the Author
A. O. Rudneva
National University of Science and Technology “MISIS” – Institute of Ecnomics and Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anastasiya O. Rudneva, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Assoc. Prof. at the Economics Department
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Rudneva A.O. Key factors in dynamics of Russia’s coal export to Europe during the sanctions period in the context of the EU green agenda. Vestnik Universiteta. 2024;(12):102-114. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2024-12-102-114
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