Modernization of Russia involves a qualitative breakthrough in the sector of small and medium-sized businesses, using new technologies and developing an innovative sphere. The creation of a developed small and medium-sized enterprise can solve many modern Russian problems, so the state should develop small and medium-sized enterprises and, if necessary, support them. The need to support small and medium-sized enterprises has become particularly acute during the coronavirus pandemic and continues to be relevant both abroad and in the Russian Federation. The study of domestic and foreign experience in providing support to small and medium-sized businesses allowed us to highlight general and private forms of assistance. 

The key objective of this study is to analyse the concept of harmonization of the functions of public administration institutions and to identify the principles and characteristics of harmonious management applicable in the management structures of the public sector, as well as the prospects for improving the efficiency of its activities. The research is applied in nature. Within the study, the author carries out the analysis of various management models, as well as a comparative analysis of their interaction in the format of the concept of harmonious management. In addition, the article presents the results of the analysis of the vectors of application of the concept of harmonious management, which can be adapted to the organizations of the public sector; raises the issue of the content of the harmonization process and its stages. The article formulates the target guidelines for the application of the management harmonization concept in the public sector, proposals and conclusions on various variations and features of approaches to management harmonization. This paper is based on the analysis of foreign scientific literature, regulatory and analytical documents, as well as their synthesis, systematization, comparative analysis, and the study of specific cases. The author conducts an empirical study using the method of quantitative standardization of expert opinions. In addition, the article uses the visualization method. 

The rapid digitalization of the economy since the early 2010s thanks to the rapid development of the mobile Internet and artificial intelligence was accelerated by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, which caused catastrophic losses in international tourism in 2020. This article considers the perception of the tourist region by the young generation of the era of smartphones and social networks and sets objectives of adapting tourism in the world of VUCA – a world of instability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity. The priority strategies of tourism development in the regions: the introduction of the unseen tourism management technologies and creation of the online platform of youth leisure, development of concepts modern use of historic buildings while preserving their historical authenticity and romantic atmosphere, organization of public spaces for the exchange of experiences between generations on the basis of mutuall interest and encouragement of projects engaging young people with disabilities. There is a need for long-term planning and the formation of a global system of universal values and human understanding of their place in the “new reality”. This vector of development will lead to a new level of humanity in the future 5–10 years. 

The article is devoted to a new model for organizing production activities that is adequate to the challenges of digitalization – virtual organizations. The authors show that the widespread adoption of virtual organizations that have no clear boundaries in space and time over the past decade gives rise to new management problems. Old management models based on hierarchy, authoritarian approach, and punishment / reward as the main motivators are not effective in virtual teams. Traditional transactional leadership should be replaced by transformational leadership, which involves an individual approach, intellectual stimulation, idealized influence and inspiring motivation. The authors indicate the social and psychological difficulties of the spread of transformational leadership. The paper emphasizes the need for the formation of leadership, managerial and digital competencies for effective leadership in project virtual teams. 

In this article, the author gives an example of using the apparatus of fuzzy logic in assessing the effectiveness of digitalization of an enterprise, specifies indicators that can be used as criteria for building a system for assessing the effectiveness of digitalization, as well as provides an overview of existing developments. Within the framework of the article, the study outlines the directions of modification of classical estimation methods that are possible using the apparatus of fuzzy logic. The paper substantiates the choice of a universal fuzzy logic tool as a mathematical apparatus for forming an assessment: a system of fuzzy logical conclusions – standard five-level [0; 1]-classifiers. The possibility of fuzzy classification of properties, as well as qualimetry based on the aggregation of hierarchies of factors, will make it possible to assess the level of efficiency of enterprise digitalization by the degree of success. 

The article considers the General approach and elements of implementation of the simulation model of the decision support system as one of the most effective ways to improve the management system of a mining enterprise. The paper gives the description of the technological process and the main functional blocks of the control system. The author identifies the key links and requirements for the implementation of the simulation model of production process and enterprise management. The subsystems of the model allow us to consider the dynamics of the production enterprise in all the variety of its activities, for different variants of the technology and organization of production of the existing control system, the planned system and promising management solutions. In addition, the article presents the structure and description of the implemented simulation model of the main production process of the experimental coal mine. The paper indicates the role of the user-manager in the decision-making process based on the results of modeling. The author gives a control example of the simulation results. 

The purpose of this work is to review the existing basic methodological approaches to experimental ecosystem accounting within the framework of the natural-economic accounting system, as well as their practical application in statistical analysis, taking into account existing information resources. The authors substantiate the choice of the object of research – the Baikal natural territory. The paper prepares a list of ecosystem services typical for the Baikal nature territory ecosystem, analyses the dynamics and structure of some of them in the period 2013 – 2017, assesses the contribution of the Baikal nature territory ecosystem to the total volume of ecosystem services in individual regions of Russia in physical terms, calculates the share of anthropogenic load obtained by the Baikal nature territory ecosystem from the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, formulates conclusions about the relevance of ecosystem accounting for the Russian Federation. 

The article considers the methodology of the analysis of the scientific potential of the regions. The paper notes the importance of an integrated, systemic approach to understanding of the category of scientific potential. The author emphasizes the importance of quantitative indicators of the scientific potential of the regions, amenable to statistical analysis. The study attempts to analyse the key statistical indicators of the development of science used to assess the scientific potential of the regions. As a rule, the list of such indicators is limited to the number of scientific organizations functioning in the region, the volume of their funding, as well as a number of personnel indicators. At the same time, the author notes the narrowness of the exclusively resource-based approach to the assessment of the scientific potential and the need to take into account its other factors: informational, social, financial, etc.

The quality of human resources, considered as a set of certain assessment criteria that are dynamic in nature, due to the basic indicators and factors of the internal and external environment of the social and economic system of the region needs a comprehensive management impact aimed at improving the system and its elements. The quality of human resources in socio-economic systems, as well as tools aimed at the formation of qualitative parameters, form the problem of improving the economic mechanism for improving the quality of human resources in modern conditions, which should take into account the management goals, the state and prospects for the development of quality parameters of the system elements, to ensure the effective functioning of the conceptual model of quality management of human resources. 

In the modern conditions of economic development, the development of the industrial complex is being transformed with emphasis on digital technologies and high-tech production. The article considers new principles of the implementation of the state’s economic policy taking into account the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as the results of the analysis of the main indicators of industrial development, both in the world and in Russia in particular, including the assessment of the current state of innovation and technological activity of the industrial sector of the Russian economy. At the same time the authors pay special attention to the analysis of modern trends in the development of industry in countries with both a high level of high-tech production and a low level. The paper analyses the prospects of Russian industry development to justify the need for technological breakthrough strategies and technological modernization of industrial enterprises. 

Between the strategies for preserving the eco-balance of territories and the development of ecotourism there is a “twilight zone”, measures for the development of the latter may run counter to the former. On the example of the Republic of Tajikistan, based on relevant ratings, the author analyses the mechanisms for implementing a balanced approach to the problem (the result is the entry into the international ecotourism market, the creation of infrastructure). The paper considers the reasons that prevent the Republic of Uzbekistan from achieving similar results, studies tactics on specific examples. National parks are losing cultural monuments due to economic activities and tourism constitute the basis of socio-economic development of the territory with the diversification of the rural economy and provide jobs for the local population, and yet actualize raised in the article the problem of museumification of landscapes –conversion of natural objects in the objects of the Museum display. The study showed that the inclusion of several cultural objects in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, the adoption of specific measures for their conservation (Road Map – 2020) will allow the Republic of Uzbekistan to transform areas with a high level of landscape and recreational potential into centers of regional ecotourism, and with regard to cultural monuments, this will be minimal losses. 

Internal control is an integral part of an organization’s economic security. The purpose of the study is to determine the internal control tools that allow you to ensure and maintain a sufficient level of economic security of the enterprise. The subject is the internal control system, which is used to identify external and internal threats to the economic security of an economic entity at the micro level. The research methodology is based on the collection and generalization of facts related to the subject under study, the formation of a hypothesis about the subject of research – the Internal Control System (ICS) – and the development of a general idea of ways to overcome existing threats. As a result, the authors made a conclusion about the effectiveness of the internal control system in the enterprise in order to ensure its economic security. 

Globalization and increased volatility of global markets, as well as increased competition, lead to the need for the business community to create new sustainable business models that are less susceptible to the negative effects of globalization. The sustainability of business models is determined by the effective use of resources: natural, material, financial and intellectual. The result of the transformation is the transition to network interaction and the formation of ecosystems of suppliers, partners, consumers and competitors around the business sphere. The main conclusions of the research paper are reduced to the need to achieve a comprehensive development of the digital economy, taking into account the interrelationships of economic processes and structural transformations. In this regard, the analysis of the relationship and principles of structural shifts in economic processes against the background of digital transformation becomes particularly relevant. 

The purpose of tax audits is to verify that the taxpayer complies with the norms of tax legislation. As a rule, in conditions of instability, constantly changing tax legislation, taxpayers violate the norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. In this regard, as a rule, each tax audit ends with additional charges to the taxpayer of taxes, penalties and penalties, which negatively affect their financial position. At the same time, according to the Federal Tax Service of Russia, with a sharp reduction in the number of ongoing on-site tax audits, the amount of additional charges for one on-site audit increases сonstantly: in 2016 – 13.6 million rubles, in 2017 – 15.7 million rubles, 2018 – 22.2 million rubles, 2019 – 33.5 million rubles. The tax authority, by charging additional taxes and penalties to the taxpayer, is interested in collecting them. The current Tax Code of the Russian Federation makes it possible to enforce the decision by taking measures in accordance with paragraph 10 of Art. 101 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the application of which in practice raises many issues. The article considers the practice of applying interim measures. 

The COVID-19 epidemic has become a serious challenge for the economies of all countries of the world. The consequences of the fight against the spread of the virus have led to serious complications in the Russian economy. This article analyses the measures taken by the federal and regional governments aimed at curbing the spread of the pandemic, as well as supporting the economy of Russia and its subjects. The paper presents foreign experience on the measures taken and a comparative analysis between the countries. In addition, the authors study the influence of government decisions and their effectiveness on the basis of scientific articles, estimates and statistics published in the mass media, forecasts of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, reports of the Federal State Statistic Service. 

The article analyses the distribution of counterfeit products through marketplaces in Russia in the context of the rapid growth of e-commerce, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the analysis of statistical data of reports and reports of companies and organizations specializing in research of the counterfeit market in Russia, the paper concludes that marketplaces are one of the channels for the distribution of counterfeit goods. The consequences of selling counterfeit goods online have a negative impact on the state, which does not receive tax revenues to the budget, rights holders who lose their profits and reputation, as well as on consumers in the form of harm to health and threat to life. The study of the work of one of the popular marketplaces Wildberries allows us to speak about the lack of interest of the marketplace as an online trading platform in monitoring sellers (suppliers) of goods for violation of intellectual property rights. The authors of the article made a number of proposals to improve measures to counter the appearance and spread of counterfeit goods through marketplaces. The paper determines that the fight against counterfeiting should be carried out in a complex and only with the interested participation of the state, copyright holders, buyers and marketplaces. 

In the 21st century, economics and ecology have become even more closely interconnected and have a direct impact by each other than before. Ecologization of the economy is a focused process aimed at transforming economic activity by reducing the negative human impact on the environment. The article considers the causes, essence, main goals and principles of this process. As a result of the conducted research it was found out that the beginning of the concept of ecologization of economy is considered to be the second half of the XX century, when the world community began to pay special attention to the problems of negative impact of man on nature. In addition, the paper highlights the main characteristic features of this phenomenon, which include the orientation of economic activities towards rational use of natural resources and the transition to resource-saving sectors of the economy. 

The article presents the results of research on such problems of Economics and Management as scientific and digital labor organizations. The paper describes the need to create artificial intelligence, the stages of the scientific component of labor organization, and the features of the joint use of natural and artificial intelligence in the work and management of human resources, both at the level of public administration and in organizations. The authors pay special attention to the issue of human capital development, as one of the three strategically important areas implemented by the Government of the Russian Federation within the framework of national projects, as well as give a comparative analysis of the indicators of the human capital development index in various countries of the world. 

One of the important factors for improving the economic situation in the Russian Federation is the optimization of the mechanism of currency regulation. Its role as the main means of implementing monetary policy is of particular importance in countries where the national currency has limited convertibility, since it is not in stable demand in the global financial markets. The purpose of this article is to summarize existing theoretical approaches to the problem of formation and regulation of the exchange rate based on the study of the evolution of relevant theories and concepts, as well as the definition of their scope of application and the conditions of validity. The article systematizes the theoretical aspects of the formation and regulation of the exchange rate. The paper highlights the instruments that affect the exchange rate. The authors study the main approaches to the relationship between the balance of payments and the exchange rate. The obtained theoretical results can be used in the formation and adjustment of monetary policy. 

The paper considers the content and features of the efficiency assessment system of the Asian Development Bank. The article presents the basic requirements for the creation of reliable systems for assessing the activities of development banks, based on foreign experience. The author gives a brief description of Asian Development Bank’s activities, emphasizes the importance of Asian Development Bank’s Independent Evaluation Department. The author’s analysis of the Asian Development Bank performance assessment system showed that the bank uses both classical financial indicators and specialized generalized economic indicators that are quantitatively measurable. The entire system of economic indicators is divided into 4 levels, which makes it possible to separately assess both the development in the Asian Pacific Region, the contribution of Asian Development Bank to this development, and the quality of management in the Asian Development Bank itself; for each level of assessment the author used its own set of indicators (indicators). Asian Development Bank’s corporate performance cascade system ensures that all staff are engaged in achieving set goals. It is important that Asian Development Bank uses the transition from quantitative data to qualitative characteristics, which solves the problem of inaccurate data: clusters of indicators are formed. Asian Development Bank’s performance assessment system is not linked to the use of a single performance criterion.

The article considers the issues of statistical accounting of of persons of child age who have fallen into difficult life situation. The paper сarries out a comparison of the conceptual apparatus, revealing such a public category as “children” and gradation parameters of specified population groups from the point of view of revealing the object of study. The authors justify the need to characterize the subject of the study – a difficult life situation in which both an adult and a child can get, highlight particularly the age group “teenagers”. The study presents features of difficult life situations in which children and adolescents can get. The article lists the areas of occurrence of complex circumstances in which difficult life situations are formed and developed. Based on the analysis, the authors propose and substantiate an original system of indicators for assessing persons of child age who have fallen into a difficult life situation. 

The article analyses the features of the formation and strategic guidelines of the Chinese foresight technology, its potential opportunities, the limits of its use in order to build the desired digital future and determine specific steps to achieve it effectively. To this end, the author considers the archetypal traces of the predictive activity of Ancient China, their interaction with modern predictive practice as an integral part of the design of the alleged digital image of the future. The paper determines theoretical and methodological foundations of modern Chinese foresight technology, initial basic methodological principles and technology of prospective step-by-step application of comprehensive foresight, including the method of scenario design. The article pays special attention to the understanding of modern China foresight projects, possibility of their implementation on the national basis and impact of foresight results on the Chinese model of development and change management at the transition stage to digital society. 

Volunteering, as a relatively new form of manifesting social activity, but in demand in society, requires a comprehensive study. The main purpose of this research is assessment of socio-psychological features of volunteer activities and the problems of its implementation in the regions of Russia, including in conditions of increased social tension caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The article presents the results of the interregional sociological Internet survey of volunteers conducted by the authors (on the example of the regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation). Their analysis made it possible to obtain new evaluation and analytical information about the phenomenon being studied, to expand ideas about modern trends in the development of volunteering, including in the current situation of social tension; determine the vector of solving the existing problems in this area. Based on the results of the study, the authors propose practical recommendations to increase the effectiveness of volunteer activities in the regions, which can be integrated into the processes of making political and organizational and methodological decisions. 

The article reviews approaches to understanding the phenomenon of trust in relationships. It is noted that various authors consider trust as the main principle of forming constructive relations in modern society. The paper gives data on the research of the ideas of students of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania (Ossetians and Russians, aged 15 to 22 years) about trust in interethnic relations. According to the results of the study, students who are representatives of Ossetian nationality most often define trust in interethnic relations as “Acceptance of “foreign” national values, customs and culture”. Russian students understand trust in interethnic relations as “Confidence in assistance and support in a difficult situation from a representative of another ethnic group”. Both groups of students surveyed believe that the willingness of representatives of different ethnic groups to cooperate is important in trusting inter-ethnic relations. 

The paper presents the results of the study of various forms of communicative aggressiveness of cadets - air traffic controllers and active air traffic controllers according to the questionnaire of V. V. Boyko. The article substantiates the relevance of studying communicative aggressiveness as a professional destruction of an air traffic control specialist. The author reveals the most characteristic forms of communicative aggressiveness of air traffic controllers and the consequences of their manifestation in professional activity. The study gives a comparative analysis of the severity of the main forms of communicative aggressiveness in both groups of respondents. The paper reveals a tendency to expand the forms of communicative aggressiveness of active air traffic controllers in comparison with cadets receiving appropriate education. The article indicates the forms of prevention of this personality trait in the conditions of obtaining higher professional education by cadets.