The author studies the problems of socio-economic development of municipalities included in the conditional boundaries of urban agglomerations. When developing the foundations of the state policy of the Russian Federation for the development of local self-government, these issues come to the fore. Their solution is the key to the successful achievement of the goals of national projects and strategic objectives of the spatial development of Russia. The article considers models of management of urban agglomerations, generalizes regional experience on the use of mechanisms of socio-economic development of municipalities within agglomerations, identifies tools that contribute to the integrated development of agglomerations and obstacles that prevent it, substantiates the need to improve federal regulation of the formation and development of agglomerations, preferably in the form of a federal law. 

The article presents the prerequisites for the emergence and fundamental provisions of the concept of sustainable development. The authors note, that the solution of the problems of sustainable development at the global level is impossible without solving the corresponding problems at the level of individual organizations. The paper presents two areas that contribute to the sustainable development of the enterprise: the use of key elements of digitalization and project management. The study formulates the conditions for achieving sustainable development of an individual enterprise, as well as the procedure for setting appropriate target indicators. The article substantiates the necessity and conditions for successful integration of key elements of project management and sustainable development. The paper shows the objective contradictions between these two systems and the ways to overcome these contradictions. The authors note, that the non-commercial nature of sustainable development programs predetermines the need for state participation in their implementation based on GR-management.

The article substantiates the effectiveness of network training and e-learning technologies in the professional training and advanced training of engineering personnel at a technical university. The paper analyses e-learning technologies in the context of competence-based and activity-based approaches to the organization of the educational process. The study considers Universities as the core elements of the regional educational space, integrating and developing the potential of network interaction of its subjects. The authors propose the definition of the concept of “network educational space”. The article describes the experience of network training of personnel in the production sectors of the Ulyanovsk region in 2014-2020. Based on the analysis of the teaching practice of the Ulyanovsk State Technical University, the study proposes a model of the electronic information and educational environment of an educational organization. The authors formulate recommendations for the development of a network educational space in the region that meets the needs of the labor market.

The article studies examples of the use of innovative technologies in the field of “Smart City”, which is a key factor contributing to the implementation of the concept of “Smart City”. The paper presents various approaches to the implementation of information technologies, analyses case studies on the management of smart cities of the world, which justify the change in the approach from isolated vertical management to integrated holistic management. The study also analyses various examples of the use of innovative technologies and approaches in the context of “Smart City”, identifies the trends in their development. At the end, the authors carried out the analysis of the domestic experience of applying the concept of “Smart City” and the results achieved.

The abrupt transition to the distance learning format during the COVID-19 pandemic showed that the legal framework for regulating the introduction of new digital telecommunications technologies is largely lagging behind in educational organizations, and in some areas, in particular, related to the regulation of “remote” labor relations in higher education is completely absent. The lack of proper legal regulation leads not only to labor conflicts, but also to legal proceedings between students and universities. The article presents an incomplete list of documents (without disclosing their contents) that need to be developed or modified. The study proposes a roadmap that takes into account the parallel work with the constant coordination of the contents of the documents between the working groups. The authors conclude that trade union committees, student and teaching communities should take an active part in the development of documentation, since the proposed transformation of the educational process affects all participants of the educational process in universities without exception.

The article makes an overview of approaches to heritage management, explains the concept of a tourist destination, as well as the importance of using a project management approach and its tools in managing a tourist heritage destination. The paper considers a group of integrated projects that invest in heritage as a factor of attractiveness of a tourist destination, since it is part of a tourism system that cannot be managed separately and is integrated for the production of a tourism product. Taking into account the importance of preserving heritage values, the project approach involves the engagement of various stakeholders in this process and the creation of a mechanism to increase the effectiveness of tourism investments for the benefit of society, business and the state.

The article presents the concept of an ecological hotel, which justifies the need for development taking into account the environmental literacy of service consumers and solving environmental problems. The authors analyse the concepts of “eco-hotel”, “eco-technologies”, the content of which is focused on the careful attitude to natural resources, innovative “green” technologies that operate on the principle of environmental responsibility. The paper considers two types of ecological hotels in Russia and abroad, located in natural (rural) areas and urban environment and gives their characteristics. The authors consider the results of the study obtained in relation to the choice of eco-technologies in hotels by consumers. The paper confirms the formulated hypotheses. The article traces the relationship between the environmental awareness of service consumers and the choice of eco-technologies in hotels.

Effective business activities conducting in the real estate market is impossible without an objective analysis of the real estate market, its individual segments, comparing the possibilities and efficiency of doing business in different market segments. Based on the generalization of various methods, the author proposes an analysis of the real estate market to determine the possibility of effective business activity, including setting goals for the analysis of the real estate market and its individual segments, determining the subject, conditions and opportunities for entrepreneurial activity in the real estate market, analysing the market in accordance with the factors of market analysis, its characteristics and identification of the most attractive market segments and areas of activity in order to achieve these goals. The analysis of the real estate market determines the opportunities, conditions and prospects of presence on the market for various companies and types of business related to the creation and sale of real estate objects, as well as credit and financial, legal, insurance, valuation, commercial and other types of business.

The article considers the main approaches to the definition of the concept of “business traveler” and its relationship with the system of business tourism. The paper investigates approaches to the definition of business tourism and determines the internal subject field regarding the system of business tourism in Russia. The author reveals the main types of business tourism. The study describes in detail the stages of the formation of business tourism in the world and in Russia over the past 30 years of development. The publication formulates the most typical goals of the business travel system. The article analyses the relationship of the business travel system with the MICE industry and its impact on the organization of business meetings, congresses and exhibitions. The paper describes the options of business travel and business travel carried out within the framework of business tourism activities. The author reveals the inner content of the MICE-industry of business tourism. The study gives the characteristics of the main components of the MICE industry. The paper analyses the differences between business tourism and business travel for cultural and entertainment purposes. The author formulates the current tasks of the MICE industry and the business travel system development. 

The article considers the problematic issues of the development of the tourism industry in the Russian Federation. In the context of global challenges, the tourism sector of the Russian Federation retains significant potential to accelerate growth and strengthen its role in the development of the economy. On the example of individual tourist projects, the author summarizes and identifies possible areas of activity of public authorities. The study makes comprehensive proposals for the development of the tourist destination at the territorial level, including in the preparation of strategic documents, the adoption of regulatory measures on the business activities of the self-employed in the tourism sector, increasing the revenue base of local budgets through the development of tourism through the introduction of an additional fee.

Attracting financing and a stable inflow of capital investments for development is one of the most important issues in the framework of a market economy for any sphere, including the professional sports industry. The inflow of sufficient funding depends to a high degree on the investment attractiveness of the object. In addressing these issues, an essential role is played by the assessment of the effectiveness of financial and economic activities, which affects the amount of funds raised from both budgetary and extra-budgetary sources. The identification of the most important performance factors will allow us to direct efforts to maintain their favorable condition, which is the key to the stable development of the sports industry. The conducted analysis showed that with a competent approach, in particular in the issues of popularization of the sport, the league and club brand, customer orientation and the use of the product exclusivity factor, qualified personnel, as well as investment and innovation activity, including in the issue of training sports personnel, the professional sports industry can be considered as an effective investment and advertising tool that can generate income both in monetary form and in the form of image and socially significant effect.

Currently, sanctions are considered an important tool of international policy for maintaining security and collective response to violations of international order. At the same time, they are a factor of negative impact on the economic situation of the country, growth and production in the target country. Russia and Iran have been under sanctions from Western countries and their allies for many years and are experiencing economic problems in this regard. The article provides a characteristics and comparative analysis of economic sanctions against Russia and Iran, reveals their differences, assesses the impact of sanctions on their economic structure and financial sector. The paper shows that sanctions directly or indirectly affect the country's macroeconomic indicators and cause their decline. The authors give the substantiations for the negative impact of sanctions on the financial markets of Iran and Russia, including the banking and stock markets.

The novelty of the study is the generalization and analysis of statistical data obtained as a result of various sociological and scientific studies on the impact of the COV-ID-19 pandemic on the activities of the public catering sector in the Russian Federation. The authors carried out a study of positive practices that allowed the industry enterprises to continue to operate in self-isolation and improve financial results with the easing of restrictions. Among them are simplified terms for renting premises; sale of finished products by delivery to the direct consumer or pickup; non-standard formats of catering enterprises; restoration of demand for catering; application of new technologies in the process of cooking; introduction of vending machines in the catering industry; cooperation of catering enterprises with the tourism business.

The article proposes methods of searching passenger travel routes in conditions where one or more optimization criteria must be taken into account in the presence of a pedestrian system and multi-type transport systems with their topologies, sets of parameters and tariff plans. The author carried out the research by means of mathematical modeling of the transport system in the form of its deterministic graph model. The author chose Dijk-stra's algorithm as the basic algorithm, on the basis of which the modifications of the previous ones were carried out and the construction of a new search technique was carried out. As a result, the study obtained algorithms for solving single-criteria and multi-criteria problems on graphs. For multicriterial problems, the author used the convolution method and the method of ordering criteria by the degree of decreasing their significance. The field of application of the developed algorithms is information systems focused on the end user and on the structures that design and manage transport networks.

The article is devoted to the description of the dynamics of the economic development of the East African states. The paper gives a description of the current economic situation of the East African countries, lists the states included in the East African region, gives the economic and geographical characteristics of the studied region. The author also analyses the evolution of the sectoral composition of gross domestic product (GDP) of the East African countries, considers the economic factors that influence the economic growth of the states of the region. The study analyses the problem of employment and unemployment in the East African countries. The paper considers the ways of improving the economic development of the region, in particular, economic diversification, inclusive growth and structural transformation, as well as structural and institutional measures that would encourage productive investment in the economy.

In modern economic conditions, there are a number of problems with Russia's economic growth. To stabilize it and increase its level, it is advisable to develop different sectors of the economy. One of the promising areas is the development of agriculture, agro-industrial complex. This paper studies the current state of the agro-industrial complex in the North Caucasus Federal District and the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania. The analysis of the current state of the agro-industrial complex of the North Caucasus Federal District showed that all the regions that are part of it have territorial and climatic opportunities for the development of the studied economic sector. The analysis of the state of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania allows us to conclude that the region occupies a leading position in the production, processing and sale of products of the agro-industrial sector. Further stabilization and development of the agro-industrial complex in the region will have a significant positive impact on the country's economic growth.

The article emphasizes the importance of financial monitoring as an element of control over the implementation of national projects and, in particular, cash execution. The paper carries out the analysis of monitoring of the federal budget execution in terms of budget allocations for the implementation of national projects for the first half of 2019. The study reveals trends of cash execution. The author identifies a lag in the rate of execution of expenditures for the implementation of national projects from expenditures that are not related to national projects. The article studies the structure of federal budget expenditures and identifies the specifics that affect the lag in the pace of implementation of public expenditures. The paper gives the list of specific factors that have an impact on the backlog in the implementation of the federal budget. The author considers the areas for development and the necessary further actions to eliminate the identified problems.

The article analyses the features of the development of agriculture in Russia at the end of the 19th century - the beginning of the 20th century. The paper studies and considers attempts to solve the agrarian issue in the specified period. The study considers the course and results of the reform of 1861, as well as economic reforms of the beginning of the 20th century. The author gives an assessment of these reforms, as well as the situation of the peasantry made by the leading economists of that time: N.D. Kondrat'ev, S.L. Maslov, A.V. Peshekhonov, A.V. Chayanov, and also analyses the measures aimed at alleviating the situation of the peasantry and solving the agrarian problems of that period. The research paper also presents a comparative analysis of the consequences of the 1861 reform, its impact on the solution of the agrarian issue in different parts of the Russian Empire, in particular in Poland after the Polish Uprising of 1863.

The paper presents the stages of changes in the development of labor resources in rural areas in the post-Soviet period, which prepared them for further transformations. The author identifies as the main directions of changes that may occur in the 2020s in the economy of rural areas and will affect the labor resources of rural areas: the active introduction of digital technologies and artificial intelligence in agricultural production; the emergence of new rural professions and specialties and associated modernization of the personnel training system; transformation of employment of rural labor resources in connection with technological transformations in the economy; the new approach on the part of employers to social and labor relations with labor resources associated with the changes in the technological structure in rural areas; development of a modern organizational and technological paradigm for the development of the rural economy. It is assumed that the rural labor force will need new adaptation, which will be natural and will take place in a milder form.

The modern literature extensively considers the process of technological innovations and the results of the activities of market-oriented organizations. However, there are no studies of the process of technological innovations and the results of socio-technological enterprises that are formed to create social value through the use of technologies. The paper presents a conceptual model of how the investments of socio-technological enterprises in technological innovations implemented in the process of innovation implementation affect their market and social strategic orientation. The author considers these investments in innovations at four levels of analysis: founders, innovations, organization, and the external environment. The presented model and proposals promote and enrich the current literary sources regarding the factors that affect the balance of the strategic orientation of socio-technological enterprises between the social and market orientation.

The article analyses the dynamics of foreign direct investments in Russia and the world. Developed countries act as net lenders. Developing countries are borrowers in the investment capital market. The paper reveals the trend of reducing the balance of foreign direct investments in Russia, especially after the introduction of sanctions in 2014. Assessment of the structure of foreign direct investments by Federal Districts shows the presence of territorial imbalances in the distribution of foreign capital. The largest volume of foreign direct investments is in the Central Federal District. In the Krasnodar Territory, the balance of foreign direct investments is positive, but has an uneven dynamics. The authors make conclusions about the need to stimulate the inflow of foreign direct investments both at the level of Russia and in the Krasnodar Territory.

The article considers the problem of current accounting of stocks in public sector organizations through the prism of new standards. As a result, the unity of the system of requirements for accounting of tangible assets was confirmed. The paper reveals the positions of modern scientists and practitioners on the novelty of requirements in the accounting of short-term assets. The author presents the logical scheme of application of norms of accounting of material stocks in the budgetary sphere from the point of view of their subordination. The study generally discloses the criteria for fulfilling the utility of the potential contained in the asset. The article presents and discloses the logical scheme for achieving the utility criterion reflected in the material stock. The author describes the necessity to use inventory as a way to identify signs of attributing assets to stocks or property in storage. 

The article shows the current situation in the real estate market. The publication considers the main problems of financing investment and construction projects, as well as the use of the escrow account mechanism. The study also proposes the main ways to solve the existing issues. The main focus of the research paper is on the lack of explanations regarding the ability of banks to dispose of money in escrow accounts, credit conditions, as well as the growth in real estate prices when developers switch to a new mechanism of settlement with shareholders. In addition, the authors analysed the pricing policy of developers before and after amendments to Federal Law No. 214-FZ, dated on December 30, 2004 “On Participation in Shared-Equity Construction of Apartment Buildings and Other Real Estate Objects and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation”. The study presents the possible consequences of introducing amendments to the law, switching to escrow accounts.

The article considers the stages and characteristics of the modern system of regulatory regulation and the use of simplified methods of accounting and reporting in Russia. The paper outlines the circle of economic entities, that have the right to use them. The author carries out the classification of existing simplified methods, as well as presents the criteria for their application by organizations. The study gives a recommendation for the preparation of a single national standard for the use of simplified methods of accounting and accounting reporting. The paper considers and systematizes the regulatory legal acts, recommendations of the regulatory state body and accounting associations, as well as other documents related to the application and use of simplified accounting methods in Russia. For each of these documents, the author gives a brief analysis of the key provisions on the use of simplified methods.

At the turn of the XXIst century, the world entered the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which defined the transition of the human community to a new Digital Era. Digitalization literally reshapes modern societies, their technological and economic structure of states and the international community, the way and nature of social communications, the transfer of information and knowledge. In 2000, UNESCO adopted the Universal Education Agenda for the period from 2015 to 2030, as set out in the Icheon Declaration and the Educa-tion-2030 Framework for Action. The article analyses the situation in the field of education in the Republic of Armenia, as well as indicators that characterize the availability of education and libraries for children in the period from 2015 to 2019.

The purpose of the research paper is to identify the problems that arise in mothers with preschool children in the field of labor relations, based on the data of an empirical sociological study conducted among representatives of this socio-demographic group. Women with preschool children have problems both at the stage of employment and dismissal, and in the process of conducting labor activity. In addition, it was found that the main problems relate not only the labor sphere and are associated with restrictions in connection with the need to combine employment and family responsibilities for raising and caring for children. Russian women who are engaged in labor activity and have children of preschool age assess the level of effectiveness of the social policy implemented in Russia as insufficient.

The relevance of scientific research on the specifics of the institutional environment for the development of the Institute of Science in the Russian Federation is associated with the rapid development of the digital economy, in which the development of science is becoming the most important factor in ensuring Russia's competitiveness on the world stage. The author conducted a comprehensive study of the specifics of the institutional environment of the development of the Institute of Science in the Russian Federation. The article studies the stages of formation and development of science as a certain social institution. The paper presents the criteria of institutionalization and it is established that the Institute of Science meets them. The study highlights the purpose and functions of science as a social institution. The paper also proposes the institutional environment for the functioning of the Institute of Science, taking into account the state and the individual as an integral part of successful development. The author concludes that science as a social institution is a self-organizing, self-regulating and self-developing system based on the realization of human potential through special tools of scientific activity and special organizations and aimed at the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge.

The article presents the results of a study of the pharmacist's personality in the context of corporate culture, on the basis of which a comprehensive program for the development of the personal potential of employees of pharmacy organizations was developed. The sample consisted of 70 specialists (pharmacists) working in pharmacy chains in the city of Nizhny Novgorod. The results of the study indicated significant changes that occurred in the experimental and control groups according to all the analysed criteria. The significance of the results obtained for science is to expand the understanding of the multidimensional personality qualities of pharmacists required by representatives of this profession, which allows us to study this phenomenon in more detail, to explain some features of the personality of pharmacists, on whose professionalism depends the quality of the work performed, and hence the health of society.