The preferences of employees of organizations in male and female leadership qualities, as well as in the choice between a male leader and a female leader have been studied. More specifically, three factors have been considered, which can influence on these preferences: gender of the employee, gender of the manager, and the ratio of men to women in the organization. In the process of research, the theory of congruency has been studied, which claims that there is a mismatch between the female gender role and the role of manager. The concept of tokenism has been analysed. Empirical studies show mixed support for the concept of tokenism. Indeed, there are studies confirming that numerical representation negatively correlates with discrimination. Using the theory of social roles, it has been concluded that women leaders suffer from shortcomings based on prejudices related to gender and managerial stereotypes. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that increasing the proportion of women leaders is an effective way to overcome managerial stereotypes.

The relevance of solving the problem of reducing the personnel potential of workers in Russia has been substantiated. A brief overview of the most significant scientific sources over the past three years has been adduced. The consequences of reducing the working personnel from a number of Russian citizens and modern methods of compensating for low human potential have been analysed. The main demotivators of labor have been considered also and various options for solving the problem have been presented, such as: developing a regional social infrastructure and improving the moral condition of women; enhancing the training of working personnel based on the national historical features of Russia; development of interaction between the state, enterprises and young employees in order to form the personnel potential of Russian workers. As a further area of research, the development of regional roadmaps for the regions of the Central Federal District has been proposed.

The possibility of applying a new form of personnel training on the principle of an open system that includes training modules that are embedded in the educational program based on «best practices» has been analysed. When implementing the educational program, the circle of participants has been expanded. The participants are partner universities and enterprises that provide access to new technologies and material and technical base. The proposed practice-oriented model of education allows us to form a rational mechanism for co-financing educational programs by all its participants. An approach to personnel training with a reserve of high professional growth based on a practice-oriented educational environment has been proposed. The conducted analysis of normative legal acts has made it possible to determine the most effective forms of interaction between participants in the educational platform and new principles for organizing advanced training. The role of innovative scientific and technological centers in the formation of a new model of personnel training has been determined.

The largest environmental issues in Russia have been considered in the article, their relationship with the development trends of the country’s economy and the legacy of the Soviet period has been traced, the directions of projects in the field of ecology, as well as the problems of their implementation have been reviewed, these issues have been compared with the practice of environmental projects in developed countries. Today, as we see, the issue of ecology is not in last place. The negative impact of humanity on the environment has reached an alarming level. There is a constant update, as well as the development of new technologies and techniques to prevent environmental problems in the country. Successful implementation of environmental projects directly depends on the level of education and the involvement of the population in solving environmental issues.

The importance of professional training of library personnel industry, who have management and digital competences, has been substantiated. The grounds for the development of the academic program of professional training of the specialists in the field of e-libraries innovative programs and projects management have been presented. The aim and the subject matter of the Master’s academic program “Libraries E-Projects Management” in the field of training 38.04.02 “Management” have been characterized. The features of Master’s degree education program at the State University of Management have been highlighted, such as focusing on the practical aspects and transferring the studying experience into actual professional activities, the multidisciplinary approach as digital projects management personnel training strategy, cooperation with leading libraries of the country etc. The importance of attracting specialists who have not only academic degrees and titles, but also significant experience not only in library practice, but also in management activities, to teaching specialized disciplines, has been noted. The possibilities of developing an extended Master’s program focused on modern museums and archives in addition to library specialists have been indicated.

The problem of motivation of public service in the civil service, affecting the efficiency and professional level of personnel, is relevant. The research is aimed at studying the problem of motivation of public service in the Russian civil service. The methodological base includes the concept of bureaucracy by M. Weber, the concept of motivation of public service by J. Perry and L. Wise, as well as the publications of leading Russian and foreign scientists in this field. When analysing the data, the methods of system analysis and General scientific methods were used. Scientists and practitioners give ambiguous estimates of the role of motivation of public service in the structure of motivation of officials. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to answer the question: whether the motivation of public service has a significant impact on the motivation of officials to perform public civil service. The analysis of motivational preferences has showed that the motivation of public service is not perceived by the majority of civil servants as the leading motivation of service. The reasons for the lack of motivation of public service among Russian officials have been examined in the paper. According to the results of the study, measures aimed at increasing the motivation of public service of civil servants have been proposed.

This article reviews the aspects of management decision-making in the digital economy and as a consequence the possibility of timely and qualitative response to emerging risks in the process of management decision-making. This issue is considered from the position of influence on management decision-making both internal and external factors of the operation of the company has been considered. Therefore, the topic under consideration is relevant, since the issue of digitalization with a large coverage extends in all areas and spheres of our life and as a result should cover more the possibility of improving the quality of management decision-making, but is it so?

The social and climatic factors that affect the global and regional food systems of states and regions have been highlighted in the article. The importance of ensuring food security and balanced nutrition of the population at a time of economic hardship to reduce the vulnerability of the economy and strengthen the political stability of the Russian Federation, to build capacity to withstand the crisis and rapid recovery from it has been noted. The problems of food security and tasks aimed at preventing internal and external threats, sustainable development of domestic production sufficient to ensure food independence and state sovereignty have been considered.

The features and problems of using interactive, active and distance educational technologies in the process of teaching the educational discipline «Macroeconomics» in the preparation of bachelors in higher educational institutions of economic and managerial profile have been analysed. It has been proved, that the above-mentioned educational technologies, while being an urgent necessity and a mandatory requirement of the educational process in the digital age, include various types of breakthrough technologies in modern interdisciplinary scientific research, higher education, economic sciences. It has been substantiated, that these educational technologies are a chance for higher education in the Russian Federation to take a leading position in the world ranking of educational institutions in the context of the country’s membership in the World Trade Organization. The author’s technique of innovative teaching methods in the discipline «Macroeconomics» in the oldest Russian higher education institution has been presented.

The directions of economic assessment of the costs associated with the time of transport movements of the urban population have been described. It has been shown, that solving the problem of improving the reliability of urban transport leads to saving passengers` time and the possibility of using the resulting savings in a more productive way, therefore, the calculation of the cost estimate of the change in travel time can be taken into account when choosing to implement a particular transport project, to assess the costs and results of public investment or regulatory impacts. A model of economic efficiency evaluation of transport projects, based on accounting of reduction in average travel time of urban population and improving the reliability of transport correspondences of urban transport has been proposed.

The object of the research is the scientific potential of the modern university, and the subject is the system of social factors of its formation. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of social factors in the development of the scientific potential of the modern university. The methodological basis of the paper is a system-dynamic approach to the study of scientific potential, which consists in the consistent disclosure of its spatial, temporal and technological components. Within the framework of the first component, it is necessary to emphasize such a little-studied aspect as the social foundations of scientific potential, including the system of values of employees and students of the university, their motivation to engage in scientific activity and the level of prestige of scientific activity at the university. The components of the scientific potential of the modern university have been analysed in the article. In particular, the close interrelation of the specified social factors with personnel bases of scientific potential of higher education institution, namely with tendencies of development of its personnel structure has been revealed. A system for assessing the social factors of the scientific potential of the university has been proposed. The results of the study can be used by universities to increase the level of motivation of teaching staff to research activities, as well as the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia – in assessing the research activities of Russian universities.

The article is directed to the development of one of the approaches to decision-making by the personnel on the meaningful analysis and interpretation of emergency situations in mine workings. The technique of quantitative estimation of non- stationary processes for detection of abnormal gas situations and emergency gassing has been offered. It has been focused on the full use of information redundancy, contained in the experimental implementations of the results of the interaction of technologies with the bottomhole part of the mountain massif. The following provisions were applied: the appearance of abnormal gas situations leads to a rupture of the interaction of gas dynamic processes at the sites of recording methanegrams, and the presence of a link indicates a «regular» development of situations. It has been shown, that, on the whole, the methodology is implemented in two stages: the evaluation of the significance of the connection by verifying the significance of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient when it is approximated by Student’s distribution and checking the stationarity of the observed connection at two time intervals of observation. It has been established, that the proposed technique, with appropriate modification, is also applicable to identification of soullars in mine workings. Two methods for monitoring gas evolution have been proposed. Verification of their content has been confirmed by mine experiments.

The need of the state influence on interests and preferences of economy subjects has been proved; options of the mechanism of influence of interests of the state and the subject of economy on a vector of actions of the last have been considered; substantial distinctions of methods of state influence on the economy subjects have been disclosed; requirements to the elements making the basis of the strategy of development have been concretized. Results of the conducted research can be used in the process of forming the strategy of economic development. It has been concluded that at the stage of formation of the economic development strategy, the dominance of the interests of the state can be ensured by it in relation to a separate category of economy subjects; the state can exercise influence on the interests of other economy subjects in the form of a «declaration of intent».

The role of management accounting in the activities of logistics organizations has been considered. Some approaches to understanding the logistics system, explained by the multidimensional nature of this concept, have been adduced. The elements of the logistics system, which, depending on the location in the system, perform certain functions, have been highlighted. The interaction of factors contributing to the achievement of competitive advantages of the logistics system has been substantiated. The main goal of management accounting – to provide managers with the data they need to make timely management decisions has been revealed. The main tasks, that are solved using the management accounting system, have been enumerated. It has been concluded that a well-structured management accounting should take into account all cash flows (cash and non-cash), allowing you to visually assess the profitability of the business as a whole, as well as each project separately.

The period of the change of the era of postmodernism to metamodernism (metamodern) has been considered. The features of metamodernism, as the ambiguous orientation of philosophical and worldview concepts and its impact on the economic space of different levels of the hierarchy have been revealed. It has been emphasized, that the consequences of the metamodern era especially sharply reflected in the Russian economy of the 1990s, since the systemic ties that developed during the modern and postmodern periods were destroyed due to political transformations and the import of liberal institutions into the country’s economy. The level of a microeconomic agent on the example of enterprises in the agricultural sector has been reviewed. The stages of evolution of the development of agricultural enterprises have been identified. The transformation of the interaction model of agricultural enterprises with other microeconomic agents in the era of metamodernism has been traced.

The problems of trade and economic relations between West African countries and the European Union have been considered in the article in detail, a brief description of the Economic Community of West African States has been given. The essence of relationships between West Africa and the European Union based on the papers, both foreign and domestic researchers in the field of security, regional economic development and integration etc. has been disclosed. The historical path within the framework of international legal documentation that preceded the signing of the Economic Partnership Agreement has been described. The conducted study was based on the analysis of the cost dynamics of exports, imports and trade balance, their structure has been briefly adduced. The main negative aspects faced by West African countries in connection with the implementation of the Economic Partnership Agreement, in particular tariff restrictions, the ban on the use of export taxes, which undermines the national sovereignty of the Economic Community of West African States, have been revealed. Nevertheless, the signed Agreement will allow West Africa to actively integrate into world trade, improve the economic and demographic situation, while the overall trade tariff will remain at the same level.

The article is devoted to the problems of public placement of companies on the Russian stock market. The arguments proving necessity of raising capital through public offering in the Russian Federation have been presented. Foreign and domestic researches of the influence of the time factor during public offering have been considered. The necessity of taking into account the time factor when making a decision on the company’s IPO has been identified and justified. The Russian stock market and its main trends have been analysed, the possibility of applying foreign experience on the Russian market has been assessed. Based on the conducted research, it has been proposed to promote the creation of favorable «Windows», which will help eliminate weaknesses, as well as provide evidence-based regulation in order to create favorable conditions for IPO.

The investment attractiveness of the region is one of the main indicators of the level of development of the region and, as a consequence, the effectiveness of the work of the authorities. Due to limited borrowed financial resources, attracting private investment, both local and foreign, becomes one of the most important tasks of the leadership. The development of modern methods and approaches to assessing the investment attractiveness of the region and increasing its level on the basis of the data obtained today is more than relevant. In order to correctly determine the level of investment attractiveness of the region and develop a strategy for its further development, it is necessary to understand the very concept of investment attractiveness. This article analyses various interpretations of the concepts of investment attractiveness and the investment climate, describes the main approaches to their relationship, the author also proposed his definitions of these concepts and their relationship.

The article is devoted to the study of three conceptual categories of accounting: stocks, costs and expenses, in their interrelation defined by the sequence in which they are presented in financial reporting in accordance with three stages of the capital cycle: procurement – production - sales. The problem caused by mixing up the information about the categories under study while presenting them in the financial reporting has been formulated. In particular, the complex item «inventory» includes both raw materials, materials, goods related to the procurement stage, and work-in-progress with finished products formed at the production stage. In order to overcome this problem, an assessment of the existing methodology for reflecting information about the concepts under study in financial statements has been given, and the need and directions for its improvement have been justified.

The features of the economic development of the Czech Republic after the global financial crisis, the role of the Czech National Bank in the formation of macroeconomic policies, as well as the peculiarities of monetary regulation in the study period have been defined in the article. The main goal of the paper is to assess the impact of interest rates used by the Czech National Bank in the process of monetary regulation on the dynamics of the main macroeconomic indicators, which is considered as one of the necessary conditions for the effectiveness of the inflation targeting regime. By the results of the correlation analysis and Fisher’s exact test, it has been determined that the Czech National Bank could affect the main macroeconomic indicators based on the percentage of monetary policy instruments used.

Neo-banking as one of the most important directions of development of modern financial technologies has been considered. The aim of the paper is to study the fundamental prerequisites, advantages and prospects of neobanking development in the Russian Federation. By the methods of retrospection, analysis, comparison and graphical research, characteristics of foreign and domestic neobanks, such as: Tinkoff Bank, Rocketbank, Touch Bank, Tochka have been given and also their detailed comparative analysis with traditional banking institutions is carried out. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion about the dominant role of neobanking in terms of the modern digital transformation of the world economy has been made.

The article is devoted to studying interaction between investor and trust manager. There is an information asymmetry between the investor and the trust manager, which makes it necessary to create a model that would allow the investor to overcome this asymmetry at least partially and get information about the quality of the service. In previous researches, the author proposed a theoretical model, describing this interaction with linear functions. In this paper, a model with nonlinear functions has been created and the conclusions of the linear and the nonlinear models have been compared. As a result, the conclusions of models with linear and nonlinear functions regarding the nature of the relationship between the commission and the factors used in the model were the same.

A definition of social management has been given, a narrow and broad understanding of social management have been highlighted. The structural elements of social protection defined by the system approach have been clearly delineated and defined. The importance and relevance of public administration of the social protection system of the population, which covers more and more of the population, has been noted and it becomes more targeted. The system of social protection within the framework of social management has been considered. It has been noticed that in recent years, social problems escalated in Russia, characterized by a decrease in the level and quality of life of the broad segments of the population. The current social situation requires implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving social relations in society, enhancing the social well-being of people.

The article deals with the spread of digital technologies in education and digital learning as a special stage of digital socialization, changing the social roles of the teacher and student. Artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, big data analysis, robotics and virtualization have taken their place in the educational process, and traditional offline teaching methods require revision. The problem of knowledge alienation in the digital educational space has been analysed and ways to solve this problem have been proposed. Particular attention has been paid to the problem of the safety of knowledge in the educational space. It has been concluded about the need for such a reorganization of the digital space in which cognitive conditions for the safe functioning of knowledge will be provided.

The modern concept of civilization, processes of civilizational identification and identity on the basis of allocation of basic values have been considered. Traditional spiritual and moral values of Russian population have been studied. Methodological and methodical issues of sociological diagnostics of civilizational identity of Russian students have been revealed. Some results of the author’s sociological research with presentation of a comparative assessment of the orientation of young people on the values of the Russian civilization have been adduced. On the basis of comparative analysis, the description of social constructs (patterns) of values of the Russian civilization has been given, the data on the statistical connection of the civilizational identity of students and their integration into virtual forms of social interaction have been presented. The measures to improve the conditions of the process of civilizational identification of Russian students and to include them in the process of digitalization of society have been substantiated.

The analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey of heads of institutes, departments and members of Academic board of the State University of Management on a set of issues related to goal-setting in teaching managerial personnel has been presented. It has been revealed, on the one hand, a variety of respondents ‘ points of view, on the other hand, the presence of a sufficiently high degree of unanimity in goal-setting and ways of exit of the University to the trajectory of effective development. It has been concluded, that it is necessary to take serious measures to improve the quality of higher education using, first of all, rich domestic experience and strategic guidelines in the socio-economic development of the country.

The arguments in favor of the development of digital sociology at the present stage of development of science in the field of sociology have been presented, its benefit in the field of economic and political development of modern society has been substantiated. The interpretations of the subject of study of digital sociology have been given, social processes and phenomena have been highlighted, the study of which is especially important from the point of view of digital sociology. The importance of Internet sociology in the framework of General sociological research has been revealed. One of the main methods of sociological research – observation, in the context of sociology of the Internet has been considered. Two approaches in the sociology of the Internet for solving ethical problems and the resulting problems of reliability and quality of the collected data have been emphasized.

An urgent issue of modern education – the issue of psychological and pedagogical support for the family with a child with health disabilities has been considered. It has been specified, that particularly specially organized work can help parents and members of family with a child with health disabilities to cope with the difficulties of raising child and carry out his socialization. In particular, the results of a study of the personality of the parents of a child of primary school age with a mental retardation, their chosen style of child upbringing, the nature of interaction with the child have been presented. In addition, the effectiveness of the compiled and tested program of psychological and pedagogical support for the family with a child with a mental retardation, changes in the behavior of parents and children before and after testing the program have been analysed.

The innovative aspects of medical and psychological rehabilitation of the old-aged patients in out-patient clinics on the basis of specialized medical centre have been studied. As an innovation: the long-term rehabilitation work (an additional period to the main course of 14 days) on the recovery of this category of patients, taking their age peculiarities into consideration (low level of intellectual and neuro-dynamic abilities); restorative treatment in a 24-hour hospital on the basis of the multifactorial program have been offered. In both cases, the emphasis is made on the recovery in terms of the developed program “The territory of welfare”. It is a medical and psychological support of the elderly on the basis of the Rehabilitation Medical Center “RZD-Medicine”, Yekaterinburg. On the one hand, this program will give an opportunity to overcome the lack of the provision of medical and psychological services during outpatient treatment.On the other hand, the program will help to understand the necessity of the rehabilitation measures extension for the elderly patients on the basis of medical centers. This program as an approbation for including into a pilot project “The organization of a modern model of a long-term medical treatment for the elderly people based on the principles of interdisciplinary and inter-departmental interaction (The Territory of care)”and for reconsidering the practice of rehabilitation services for the elderly; it is a necessary measure for the prevention, training and activation of the internal resources of older people for their productive aging.