Top.Mail.Ru
Preview

Vestnik Universiteta

Advanced search
No 6 (2023)
View or download the full issue PDF (Russian)

CURRENT ISSUES OF MANAGEMENT

5-11 459
Abstract

The article discusses new Project Management Institute standards for a project team’s interaction with stakeholders during value-added product creation project development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the main advantages of the standard and its use in Russia. General scientific methods and systematic and integrated approaches have been used. The novelty of the research is to substantiate the impact of digital technologies on the project management process in various fields of activity that fundamentally changes the approach to product development and to understanding customer’s and stakeholders’ requirements. The timeliness and necessity of using standardization and digitalization methods in order to improve project execution quality using a single database has been shown. The study concludes that access to the database significantly increases the potential of project teams working with projects of high uncertainty by adapting them to customer requirements when developing a product with added value. The results obtained of new standards implementation have been tested in VLIBOR Systems LLC. Conclusions on interaction change with stakeholders that increased the team members’ confidence in the correctness of their actions have been made. It has contributed to team building, increased adaptability and emotional component to achieve success.

12-18 289
Abstract

The article studies tax and non-tax revenues, at the expense of which forming of the regional budgets’ revenue part is carried out. The revenues have been assessed and the experts’ works studying forming of effective regional policy for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation analyzed. The positive and negative factors influencing the growth and decline in total revenues of regional budgets have been revealed with regions rated by this indicator. A model for assessing and forecasting the dynamics of regional development has been proposed. New approaches to management methods and technologies in the formation of scientific and innovation potential parameters on the basis of calculations have been determined. It has allowed to make a conclusion about the differentiation of regions and weak development of scientific potential. In this regard, the mechanism for resource provision implementation of the subjects’ spatial development has been devised. It will ensure the innovative development of the regional economy real sector.

STRATEGIES AND INNOVATIONS

19-28 339
Abstract

The article considers development scenarios and options for adapting Russia’s aircraft fleet to the impact of the sanctions changes on the transport industry and the consequences of it. The main issues on the limitation of the spare parts and materials for aircraft supply have been structured. Alternative options and adjustments to the shortage of components to support aircraft flights have been described. The analysis of the current civil aviation fleet of the country has been carried out and the normative service life of different class categories aircraft studied. The dynamics of changes in the state aircraft fleet over the last 10 years (since the beginning of the sanctions politics has a starting point from the accession of the Republic of Crimea in 2014) has been considered. The short-term prospects of the aviation industry have been defined and recommendations for improvement and a set of measures for adaptation suggested.

DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY AND REGIONAL MANAGEMENT

29-38 286
Abstract

The article studies the problem of selecting the research methodology of a city geo-brand in order to identify the optimal methodological tools for assessing its competitiveness. The author’s interpretation of a city geo-brand concept has been offered, the features of a city geo-brand concept choice, algorithm of its assessment, and evaluation parameters diagnostics methods analyzed. The comparative analysis of the current geo-brand competitiveness estimation models has been made. The study concludes the main reasons for the variety of a city geo-brand estimation models and optimal type of competitiveness assessment ones along with approach to the choice of parameter estimation diagnostics methods and universal system of evaluation parameters development.

39-47 295
Abstract

The Russian cinematography industry is characterized by a significant degree of dependence on state financial support. The world cinematography has a high level of quality and acts as an independent commercial mechanism that annually shows progress in the field of technologies used in the industry. It undoubtedly increases the cost of film production and sets a high level for competitors. The producer’s activity is impossible without finding financing for a project, and in most cases, the Russian government helps film companies in this matter. The problem of the described process is imperfection of the mechanisms established by the state. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyze the problems of obtaining state funding when creating a film project. The article is relevant due to the strong long-term interaction of the state and film production industry. Problems in the current system of state support have been identified and recommendations for their solution provided. In addition, a number of opportunities and changes that will contribute to improving competitiveness and development of domestic cinema have been considered. The article proposes to carry out reforms in the activities of the government agencies supporting the industry and to draw their attention to the development of society and human resources by improving the field of film education.

48-57 298
Abstract

The article discusses the current climate issues and history of international regulatory framework development in the field of energy considering the climate agenda. Moreover, the paper studies implementation and use of international experience in the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation, as well as legislative framework in the field of climate and measures of the policy implementation at the state and corporate levels. In the new realities, a number of corporations of the Russian fuel and energy complex have already started to implement projects aimed at achieving carbon neutrality in order not only to meet the goals of the agenda but also to improve their image and increase the level of trust between partners. Examples of reorientation of major Russian energy companies to cleaner types of fuel extraction and production, and their strategic plans and current results in implementing it have been considered.

58-66 503
Abstract

The list of leading big data holders, whose market intelligence has the most authority for forecasting and planning in global tourism, as well as the reports based on big data analysis are of high importance to be verified. The study reveals a lack of attention to the big data potential for forecasting in tourism and use of traditional limited methods of consumer preferences research published in the annual reports and then circulate in media. Nevertheless, big data analysis implemented by various companies reflects a dramatic change in consumer priorities of the post-pandemic period and captures the demand for authenticity, variety, increased concern for physical and mental health, intangible luxury, and, in general, understanding that traveling is beginning to be perceived as one of essentials of healthy lifestyle. Given these limitations, the list of consumer preferences based on the reported tourism trends for 2023 is of practical relevance to all stakeholders in the industry.

67-76 299
Abstract

The scientific novelty of the study consists in identifying necessary mechanisms for sustainable development of industrial enterprises. Nowadays the industry have set to create balanced growth to solve modern global challenges. It also takes measures to ensure energy security and maintains stable flows of finance and capital with stability of investment activity. The purpose of the study is to determine the formation of mechanisms for the sustainable development of industrial enterprises. Based on the results, a special System of management has been created by redesigning the process of implementing an investment project. Its boundaries can be extended to manage the full life cycle of an investment project from an idea to summarizing the project in terms of its payback and other performance indicators.

77-86 331
Abstract

The problem of creating environmentally friendly products has become particularly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic from the standpoint of ensuring the health of the nation as well as from the point of view of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of agricultural enterprises. Special attention should be paid to the issues of regulation and justification of the principles of building “green” and organic production that currently remain unsolved. The purpose of this study is to justify the priority of technological development in the agricultural sector of the economy by comparing development trends in the global and domestic market of organic products considering the analysis of the formation of the legislative framework in this area of activity as well as identifying industry principles of the typical for dairy cattle breeding production. The methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, and generalization were used in the article. The results of the study can serve as a basis for the sustainable development of “green” and organic production, both in dairy cattle breeding and other sectors of agriculture as well as basis for the development of federal and regional programs for the organic market growth in the Russian Federation.

87-96 269
Abstract

The purpose of this article is to study the possibilities and assess the current state of the Russian railway engineering industry. The research paper analyzes the conditions conducive to the development of domestic railway engineering in the production of electric trains. The reasons for the demand for the Lastochka are described and the features of operation reflected, and the difficulties of localization of production listed. Due to domestic developments and various modifications, the electric train is recognized as universal and capable of a variety of operating conditions. The article focuses on the main competitive advantages of this train and the prospects for the development of the production of the Lastochkas in the Russian Federation within the framework of external sanctions pressure and a high level of uncertainty. The author reflects the advantages and disadvantages of replacing domestic electric trains as a part of import substitution with products from friendly or neutral countries. The study notes that in the near future the state will need to decide on a further policy of import substitution within the framework of risk assessment for the domestic economy.

ECONOMICS: PROBLEMS, SOLUTIONS AND PROSPECTS

97-105 348
Abstract

In modern Russia, the initiative budgeting mechanism has been developing systematically since 2015. The practice has been launched in 51 out of 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. This phenomenon is an urgent topic for research, in connection with its priority for the state as one of the important directions for the openness of the budget system development and degree of citizens’ satisfaction with the results of the budget policy improvement. The purpose of this study is to analyze the possibilities of the initiative budgeting practice development in the mobilization economy, which, apparently, for a certain time will become the main model of economic development in Russia. Such general scientific methods of research as comparison, analysis, statistics, and induction were used in the article. The study concludes that the initiative budgeting should be developed in the current state of the Russian economy as the social and managerial positive effects exceed the possible costs of the suspension of the practice.

106-114 609
Abstract

The article studies the problems and prospects of the domestic economy development. An overview of exports and imports of the Russian Federation by goods and countries in 2022–2023 has been presented. The study considers the degree of development of the issues concerning mitigation of the consequences of economic sanctions imposed by the Western countries and some of the international organizations on the Russian economy. The restrictions that have been adopted by both sides may well lead not only to domestic complications in Russia, but also to a global worldwide crisis. The article concludes that the government agencies’ role in eliminating the problems that have arisen as a result of economic sanctions is significant. Under the prevailing conditions, further strengthening of cooperation between Russia, China, Turkey, and India, as well as other states in the near and far abroad states that have not participated in the anti-Russian sanctions, seems to lead to minimization of economic and logistical losses.

115-122 342
Abstract

The problem of increasing informativeness about all the components of the activities of economic entities is the basis for emergence of non-financial reporting system. It discloses non-financial information about the environmental status of an organization, its social responsibility, and sustainable development for the continuity of activities and careful attitude to nature. The activities of economic actors affect all spheres of social life and the environment as well, so the issue of non-financial reporting is relevant. The article studies state regulation of the system and identifies the need for area management and control. In order to effectively assess the contribution of an economic entity to the economy and the environment of a country, uniform standards for the composition and content of information disclosed in non-financial reporting and mandatory reflection parameters depending on the industry affiliation of companies, strategic orientation, and focus on the future are necessary to be used. Content-analysis of scientific publications on the system and general scientific methods of knowledge (systematic approach, logical generalization, and hypotheses) have been used as the methods of the research. The purpose of the study is to determine the main directions of harmonization of financial and non-financial reporting allowing to collect, evaluate, and analyze all the characteristics of an organization in the aggregate and increase the reliability of information about the economic entity as a whole.

123-128 265
Abstract

The article presents a study on the designed and proposed statistical indicators assessment that characterize the current state of the housing and public utility services system as a modernization factor in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The indicators affecting the process of innovative development as a factor of the system’s regional development have been evaluated. The analysis of scientific literature of domestic and foreign researchers studying the problem of the development in the context of the negative impact of pandemic and sanctions on the country’s economy has been presented. The main economic and designed indicators of the development have been evaluated. The results of the study conclude that the transformation of regional management on the development of housing and public utility services system should be further researched. The strategies for organizing such activities have been proposed.

129-138 363
Abstract

The article assesses the share of counterfeit products on the Russian domestic market highlighting the most counterfeited product categories. On the basis of the analysis of key indicators of the automotive parts market, preconditions for the presence of large volumes of counterfeit products in the segment have been identified. Correlation of parallel imports and the counterfeit auto parts number increase has been established. The paper presents recommendations for combating the importation of counterfeit products in the context of parallel imports. The most significant of them are the extension of digital labeling to a wide category of automotive components, establishment of domestic production of spare parts and components, stimulation of Russian manufacturers by providing targeted loans and tax incentives.

139-146 350
Abstract

This article studies the problems of the process of interaction of structural divisions of customs authorities on the example of electronic declaration centers and actual control posts in the conditions of legalization of parallel imports. The fact of such interaction directly affects the speed and quality of the provision of a key service of the customs authorities such as the release of goods. The main purpose of the article is to search for effective methods of customs control when transporting goods containing intellectual property objects. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to improve the customs operations performed in the context of the introduction of Western countries’ sanctions towards the Russian Federation. Practical examples of interaction between structural divisions of customs authorities are made. The main objective of this article is to propose possible ways to reduce time costs when deciding on the release of such goods. Both theoretical (analysis of the current legislation) and empirical research methods (giving practical examples of improving the effectiveness of customs control) are used. The result of the study is the development and proposal of sequential operations performed by customs authorities when controlling goods transported using parallel import technology.

147-152 364
Abstract

The article studies the advantages of creating a single energy market for Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The member states’ national electricity markets have been analyzed in terms of the degree of their liberalization and creation of prerequisites for competitive relations formation in the field of electricity trade. According to the results of the analysis, Belarus has a high degree of monopolization of the electricity market represented by a vertically integrated company, while in other countries monopolistic and competitive activities are separated. The export potential of the EAEU countries has been analyzed. The study reveals that Russia has the predominant export potential, Belarus is quite self-balanced, Armenia has no ties with other members of the Big Five, and Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan are potential importers of electricity. In addition, four blocks of problems that need to be solved for formation of a single electric energy market have been highlighted and the mechanisms currently being implemented considered.

FINANCE AND BANKING

153-161 626
Abstract

The article studies problematic issues of tax security as a part of the organization’s economic security. Successful operation of a company depends on tax compliance, correct definition of the tax function, and timely identification of tax risks. The purpose of the research is to justify the role of tax security as one of the key parts of the organization’s economic security. The approaches to minimizing the tax risks of companies have been analyzed. The arbitration practice, letters from the Federal Tax Service of Russia, and various interactive services that allow taxpayers to conduct economic analysis have been reviewed. The main problems that may arise for organizations in building the tax security system have been highlighted and the possible ways of solving it defined. The article concludes that it is necessary to approve the organization’s tax risk of management regulations and comprehensive diagnostics of the internal tax control system for the taxpayers who do not apply tax monitoring. The results obtained can be used in the formation of regulations on the organization’s tax planning, improving the provisions of the orders of the Federal Tax Service of Russia on the requirements for organization of internal tax control system for the taxpayers who do not apply tax monitoring.

162-170 544
Abstract

The article discusses debatable issues of taxation of self-employed citizens in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current practice of taxation of self-employed citizens, identify urgent problems that arise during implementation of the experiment on professional income tax application, and search for approaches to their solution. The statistical data of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation on the number of registered tax payers and their distribution by region have been analyzed as well as of tax revenues to the respective budget, advantages and disadvantages of similar system, and legal consolidation of the status of self-employed citizens. Ideas on how to improve efficiency of the tax regime have been generated. The study concludes that the experimental taxation regime for self-employed citizens has to be developed further. The results obtained can be used in the development of decisions to improve tax on professional income at the end of the experimental period and in development of draft laws to improve provisions of the state tax policy relating to self-employed citizens.

171-176 302
Abstract

This article studies the issues related to the economic development of the Lower Angara region located in Krasnoyarsk Territory, analyzes the state programs for the development of the Soviet and post-Soviet era territory, and makes an attempt to determine the reasons for the unsuccessful implementation of it. Based on the conclusions made, a new approach to the socio-economic development of the area has been proposed. It consists in the application of a number of specialized industrial clusters on the territory. It is proposed to use bond financing for the financial basis of its formation. To substantiate it, the analysis of the current state of the national bond market in terms of volumes of issuance, maturity has been made and segments of the corporate bond market in the country have been considered. It is suggested that the use of an appropriate financial infrastructure would make the bond financing mechanism operation more effective.

SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES

177-185 545
Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the reasons for low efficiency of state social assistance based on a social contract and to prepare proposals for the program development and its inclusion in the state policy measures system to reduce the poverty level of the population of the Russian Federation. The program effectiveness problems have been studied in the chronology of its regulatory and methodological framework formation and development stages. By now the lack of significant results of the use of the social contract technology as a special type of state social assistance to low-income families in the research has been explained by the lack of a program’s theoretical model with target indicators defined at the basic stage and mechanisms for achieving them. As a possible solution to the problem of increasing the effectiveness of program, the prospects for its transformation into an activating type program have been examined. Various modifications of such programs are now widely used in international practice and recognized as effective tools in ensuring the growth and stabilization of income of poor people.

186-194 440
Abstract

The article analyzes the phenomenon of clip culture. Alvin Toffler’s information society dynamics concept has become the methodological basis of the research. The purpose of the study is to highlight the universal characteristics of clip culture considering the current state of the info- and technosphere. The following characteristics of clip culture have been identified: tempo and rhythm changes, mosaic of images, focus on visual and emotional components, formulaic narration, hypertextuality. The changes are the most visible in the media sphere. However, they are also observed in everyday life, manifested by the variety of choices, kaleidoscope of images, and fragmentation of life itself. The results of the study may be of interest to sociologists, culturologists, psychologists, as well as specialists in the field of education clarifying the cognitive needs of modern young people.

195-204 328
Abstract

The purpose of the article is to assess satisfaction with quality of long–term stationary social care system for elderly population in the Stavropol Territory, as well as to identify problem areas in its functioning and form a set of management solutions to eliminate them. The paper analyzes the results of a sociological study having been conducted from January to July 2022. It has confirmed a high level of satisfaction with quality of the system by the elderly as well as employees of the pilot institutions of the region. The sample size of the study is 440 respondents. Such research methods as analytical method, secondary analysis, anonymous written survey, statistical methods of data processing, and graphical methods of presenting the data obtained have been used.

CURRENT TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY

205-211 303
Abstract

By the end of adolescence, a person develops ethnic identity that affects their future destiny. The purpose of the study is to analyze formation of ethnic identity features in convicted migrants and development of tolerance among them. In the process of work theoretical research methods have been used. The presence of personal attitudes determines future actions that may be criminal. The increase in the number of convicted migrants who commit crimes repeatedly is characterized by criminalization degree presence, as well as personal and behavioral traits. Ethnic identity in this case has a cognitive component based on criminogenic for a certain benefit. The peculiarities of recidivism manifestation include existence of certain dependencies that link the increase in the severity and rate of crimes committed and increase in the number of convictions, which leads to an increase in recidivism as a result of an increase in crime. The development of tolerance among convicted migrants requires development and implementation of measures aimed at reducing aggression and accepting diversity of culture of other ethnic groups.

212-221 246
Abstract

The article analyzes the features of educational technologies for professional development of employees of reclamation organizations in the conditions of the educational and methodological center of additional professional education. The following general scientific research methods have been used: theoretical and practical analysis, development and systematization of information and analytical materials on professional training and development of employees of the Land Reclamation Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, logical and situational analysis, selective method in statistics, and result processing and generalization method. Relevant educational technologies for professional development of ameliorative industry workers and their gender-specific features, job categories, and stages of professional development that allow to determine significant changes in human resources of the industry have been identified for the first time. The features of implementation of promising areas of workers’ professional development in the reclamation industry of the agribusiness of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation in the conditions of digital transformation have been revealed.

222-230 336
Abstract

The subject of the research is self-actualization and subjectivity in women looking for a new job, and the goal is to determine the features of these processes and their connection. The article uses the method of psychological testing, i.e. J.E. Aleshina’s adaptation of E. Shostrom’s SAT test, M.A. Shchukina’s LPSD test, etc. The sample included 74 women. The moderate general level of subjectivity with tendency to high on indicators of integrity and self-value has been stated. A direct close connection between self-actualization and subjectivity has been revealed. The data obtained is important for assessing the sociopsychological readiness of women to independently solve the employment problem. The research needs to be continued considering gender specifics. The results of the study are valuable for practical psychologists in terms of helping young women who find it difficult to realize their intentions to change their job due to problematic and disharmonious self-actualization as well as underdeveloped subjectivity.



Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 1816-4277 (Print)
ISSN 2686-8415 (Online)