The relevance of analysing the digital maturity of regions is due to the country’s desire for transformation in accordance with the concept of the digital economy. The article presents an approach that allows to assess and compare the levels of the digital maturity of various Russian constituent entities. The assessment process uses many indicators, including both infrastructural aspects (availability and quality of the Internet, the development level of telecommunications) and social ones (the degree of population’s digital skills, integration of digital technologies into the educational process and business). The assessment methodology is based on the collection and analysis of statistical data, on surveys of experts and the population as well as on the study of best digitalisation practices at the regional level. The article describes the selection criteria used to classify and rank regions according to their level of the digital maturity. An important part of the research is the analysis of problems that regions face on the way to the digital maturity. The article discusses barriers such as insufficient funding, lack of qualified personnel, underdeveloped infrastructure and low level of digital literacy of the population. Based on this analysis, recommendations are formed to accelerate the process of digitalisation of regions and increase their the digital maturity. The study results offer practical solutions and ways to optimise regional policies that contribute to the improvement of life quality in the regions and ensure the transition to the innovative economic model.

This article discusses an approach to forming principles of project management under the influence of changes in the environments of project implementation. The consideration of the environment of changes affecting the implementation of the project is presented, namely the internal environment of the project implementation, the internal and external environment of the parent (permanent) organisation. Examples of organisations’ adaptation to transformations in business environments are given. In terms of emerging changes in environments of the project implementation, the authors characterised a trace of a single change from a formalised set of changes in a particular environment to a field of knowledge according to the methodology of the classical theory of project management. Based on the principles and methodology of the theory of systems, a generalised scheme for managing tasks arising during project implementation is formalised, a mathematical record of the elements of this scheme is given with consideration to their mutual influence. Special attention is paid to such a concept as a control error. The realisation of one of the tasks of project management is illustrated with another example, indicating compliance with the theory of system management. Examples of transformation and diversification processes of the parent (permanent) project organisation are examined. In conclusion, the author formulated 5 principles of project management in the context of changing implementation environments.

Unfriendly actions against Russia taken by the “global North” predetermine the need not only to strengthen defense capability and economic sovereignty, but also to expand international cooperation with other states. Strong brands of state-owned corporations, which have well-known successes at the global level, may help solve these problems. The purposes of the article are to formulate conceptual goals of branding of scientific and industrial state corporations and to assess their existing brand communications. Based on theoretical and legal analysis, it has been determined that such goals should be the following: the creation and maintenance of a strong corporate brand, the brand of a responsible employer, the brand of Russia as a high-tech country with advanced science and education that cares for the development of the population and territories. These brands should form the citizens’ confidence in strength of the state, patriotism. Empirical and content analysis has shown that state corporations, such as “Rosatom”, “Rostec”, “Roscosmos”, create systems of brand communications aimed at forming strong corporate brands and a positive image of the state. They include a wide range of contacts with audiences. Certain differences in brand communications have been identified for each state corporation related to the accents of missions and target audiences. It has been concluded that there is a need for a deeper assessment of the effectiveness of branding.

In the modern world, cryptocurrencies are widely used in various economic sectors. One of the advantages of applying this type of currency is the ability to conduct fast and secure financial transactions without the involvement of intermediaries. Cryptocurrency can become an incentive for the development of new business models and creation of new opportunities for small and medium entrepreneurs. The purpose of the study is to determine the potential of applying cryptocurrencies in creative industries as well as possibility of using their advantages. Almost everyone in society is a user and potential creator of intellectual activity. Its protection through a system of national and international rules called intellectual property rights is necessary to ensure financing of innovations and creativity, which, in turn, leads to economic, cultural and social progress. Intellectual property protection also contributes to the production and dissemination of knowledge and a wide range of high-quality goods and services. Copyright is the main method of prevention of piracy and theft of intellectual property. Studying the prospects of using cryptocurrency in production in creative industries is necessary to make its formation as an important tool in this area possible.

The article discusses issues related to the theoretical and methodological foundations of studying the formation of cognitive and communicative competencies in project-oriented training (hereinafter referred to as POT) of higher education institutions from the standpoint of the concept of a non-classical competence approach. The main concepts and models of intelligence are considered as the theoretical and methodological basis for the development of the KPI (key performance indicators) system which characterises the holistic model of competencies. First of all, it is meta-competencies of POT (project-based training) and the new concept of managerial design (system management competitions). The authors propose a new approach based on the concept of attribution and focused, unlike the classical target planning and management, on the development of the project participants’ own capabilities. The research purpose is to provide a theoretical and methodological justification of the formation and development of meta-competence from the standpoint of a non-classical competence approach and modern concepts of management design. The objectives are the following: to give a brief overview of existing theories and models of intelligence (factorial, cognitive, mixed); to identify the most promising model (J.P. Guilford’s structure of intellect) suitable for the formation of a hybrid system of models; to give a brief analysis of the POT technology on the basis of the expansion of the “project” concept in the post-non-classical concept of managerial design. While studying this topic, the following methods were used: the method of theoretical analysis of the sources devoted to the investigated problem, illustrative-graphical and comparative methods, post-non-classical concept of managerial design, modern concepts of knowledge (Th.S. Kuhn, V.S. Styopin) as well as existing types of models of intelligence.

The purpose of this article is to consider the prospects for the integration of blockchain and artificial intelligence (hereinafter referred to as AI) as an innovative approach to modernisation of various economic sectors. The authors analyse the possibilities of using this technological merger to optimise business processes, increase transparency and reduce transaction costs in different sectors, including finance, healthcare, transport, energy, etc. Particular attention is paid to the benefits of synergy between AI and distributed ledger technology, which allows for more efficient and sustainable systems of managing data and assets. The research object in this article is the process of integrating blockchain and AI. The subject of the study is the effectiveness of modernisation of various economic sectors through the combination of these technologies. The research method is an analytical review of scientific publications and successful implemented projects. The results of the current article lie in the analysis of the advantages of integrating blockchain and AI as well as forecasting further prospects for the development of this area. The practical significance of the work consists in the fact that the obtained results can be used to design strategies and plans for the implementation of this technology integration into domestic business.

This article reviews and compares the experience of foreign and Russian companies using unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter referred to as UAV, drone) in the logistics industry. SWOT-analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) is conducted which identifies strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of using drones. Moreover, due to the current exi stence of a large number of prohibitions and restrictions on the application of this technology, the challenges of using drones in logistics are indicated. With the help of drones, companies are able to reduce costs and the likelihood of human error in work and thus increase efficiency by automating processes. These devices can optimise the process and improve logistics operations in a company. UAVs are the future not only of logistics but also of the technology industry as a whole. With the increasing scale of activity, each company tries to find and create new technologies that attract consumers and make its work more unique. The introduction of UAVs may become the means by which organisations can not only improve their activities by optimising and modernising processes, but also increase the visibility and scale of this performance.

The article analyses the role of immersive technologies in increasing productivity in enterprises. Economic growth is determined not only by productive forces, but also by the rational use of human labour and achievements of scientific and technological progress. The author has examined the experience of using digital tools relevant to the market that improve productivity – virtual and augmented reality. These technologies have a significant impact on labour productivity and contribute to enhancing performance indicators of production operations. The global practice of applying immersive technologies in enterprises demonstrates a wide range of areas of their use. Thus, augmented and virtual reality are in demand in mechanical engineering, energy extraction, logistics, design of facilities and production lines. In essence, these technologies expand the boundaries of human capabilities in interaction with virtual and augmented spaces, providing unique management tools for solving tasks of varying complexity, and have significant potential in the context of better productivity. Based on the results of the analysis, the key functions of augmented and virtual reality in industry have been identified, and the structure of the functional usage of immersive technologies to increase productivity has been developed.

The current article analyses general problems of the processes of introducing BIM-technologies (building information model) in the construction industry of developing countries. The impact of the concept of scientific and technical progress on the development of information modelling in construction has been determined. The impact of introducing information BIM-technologies into construction processes at various stages of building an investment project is reflected – from development and design to commissioning, subsequent use and, if necessary, demolition of the object. The arguments justifying the need to develop BIM-modeling in investment processes of construction and design are presented. The modern interpretation of the concept of information modelling in the construction industry of developing countries is given. The author has described the main activities contributing to the development of the progress of implementing BIM-technologies in construction and domestic business in general. The goals and objectives of the digitalisation of the economy, including in construction, are considered and systematised. Also, the article discuses functions of design in construction, perspective variations of improving the quality of construction objects and reducing the level of risks and costs of the project.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the structure of funding sources for the national project “Ecology”. A comprehensive assessment of the interim results of implementing regional projects in the Vologda region was conducted as part of the national project in question using the method of earned value. As a result, a discrepancy was revealed in the structure of financial support for the implementation of the national project on a federal and regional scale both in sources and in items of expenditure, which is explained by the specifics of the goals and powers of different levels of management. In the Vologda region, low involvement of local governments and the private sector in the development of the national project “Ecology” was found. Underestimation of the target values of the results of project activities is indicated as a significant reason for the proven high efficiency of applying financial resources in the implementation of regional projects. To improve strategic environmental management, it was proposed to use stimulating measures for increasing the number of stakeholders and the amount of funding, to use a scenario approach. In general, the identified problems are typical for many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, therefore, the authors’ recommendations for their solution can be widely applied and will increase the efficiency of environmental activities and the quality of performance of the national project “Ecology”.

The purposes of the research are to establish the theoretical foundations and to conduct a thorough analysis related to the creation of special economic zones (hereinafter referred to as SEZ) and identification of their key features. To achieve these purposes, theoretical aspects of SEZ have been considered in relation to Russia. As a result, the main types and distinctive characteristics of SEZ have been found, which are one of the instruments of economic development that contributes to rapid economic growth due to tax, customs and currency privileges. The article examines the process of expanding the networks of SEZ. They can act as a catalyst for changeable development. The research also studies their further formation prospects. The main results of the research lie in new knowledge about zones of special economic type, achieved by analysing the principles of creating SEZ and by collecting information about them as zones which contribute to the improvement of foreign economic relations and development of trade relations in general. The next area of research on this topic is the subsequent introduction of flexible ways to prepare the latest branches of development in the field of studying SEZ that are currently of rather great importance.

Currently, qualified generating stations powered by renewable ener gy sources (hereinafter referred to as RES) are becoming increasingly popular in the electric power industry. Wind farms and solar generating panels have become mostly common in the modern world. Russia is a vast country that offers many potential locations for RES facilities. The аrctic zones attract special attention. However, having chosen a potential location for the construction of such an object, it is necessary to analyse the effectiveness and feasibility of the investment project. The purpose of this study is to consider the current state of the Murmansk region’s energy system for further determination of the probability of new energy projects developing there. In this regard, the wind energy potential of the region has been assessed, and the forecast of electricity consumption for the period from 2024 to 2029 has been performed. The authors have analysed justifications and possibilities for the construction of wind power plants on the territory of the Kola Peninsula as an alternative to stations powered by hydrocarbon fuels. It has been found that the existing opportunities in the Russian region are favourable for the realisation of new wind farm on its territory. A comparative analysis of the Murmansk region and neighboring territories has shown that this area is suitable for implementing such investment projects.

The economic growth of a country is influenced by the high level of education. From the point of view of production function, the educational field with various activities can be categorised as a large industry with economic potential because it has significant scientific and human resources. The educational activity in the economic sphere is considered in two directions – the consumer aspect (short-term) and the investment-containing long-term development process. The ongoing educational process actively stimulates the economic growth when the young generation of students acquires modern knowledge, competencies and skills that ensure the future dynamic development of the country. The era of digitalisation has changed the mechanisms of interaction between economic structures, and therefore education should be a driving force of development. Consequently, it is at the origin of new innovative technologies of training. This is necessary to occupy the main positions in the field of scientific and technological progress. Higher education institutions and their activities have become a sector with a leading economic paradigm. The paradigm shift is causal. In order for education not only to exist, but also to be at a decent level, remaining the basis for the development of economic potential and society, it is necessary to make science the base, the foundation of all changes. The principle of “managing education in a business-like, scientific way, without turning it into a business” has become the main one in the context of transforming the educational sector into a modern, innovative sphere, meeting the requirements and needs of the evolving digital time.

The purposes of the study are to analyse competitiveness and develop recommendations for improving it when mastering production of new products. When reviewing well-known works where competitiveness has been studied, the author has examined the impact of changes at the macro level on the processes of developing new products by enterprises. In the article, the author has analysed various approaches to determining competitiveness. The influence of unilateral sanctions on competitiveness in the development of new products has been considered. At the same time, it is noted that sanctions as a tool of forceful pressure cannot be used as a tool for increasing success of enterprises in a fair competitive market. Therefore, the author highlights that the classical theory of competitive and non-competitive markets is not fully applicable in the current situation. In the works of some scientists, the competitiveness of an enterprise in the market that does not correspond to present realities has been analysed, and accordingly, such studies are not applicable in the conditions of a necessary fair competitive market. The author has suggested ways to determine both current competitiveness and its indicators in past and future periods. It is proposed to restructure the domestic technology transfer to the international one with friendly countries, moving from simple trade and exchange of goods to joint product development. Conditions are also needed within the country for scaling ideas and new designs. In an uncompetitive market, merging or associating companies for research, development and mastery the production of new products may be one of the ways to circumvent sanctions. Thus, the method is more applicable to technologies with a high level of digital and technological protection in the know-how mode.

The modern stock market is a constantly changing system that quickly reacts to changes in the environment. The recent events have sharply increased the degree of unpredictability and volatility of global development processes, which has significantly influenced the formation activity of such a segment of this market as socially responsible investing (hereinafter referred to as SRI). The article considers the dynamics of the foreign SRI market, analyses the main forms of state support for SDI in foreign countries as the most significant components for the effective functioning of the SRI ecosystem, highlights the major problems of the SRI market at the current stage. It is shown that at present one of the key challenges in the development of the SRI market is lack of a generally accepted integrated methodology, standards and methods for valuation and accounting of the allocation of securities and use of income from them precisely in connection with the ESG (еnvironmental, social, and governance) agenda. It leads to difficulties in assessing the SRI effectiveness, misuse of investments (greenwashing), to decreased trust in the instruments of the SRI market. The development of a unified approach to the system of assessing the effectiveness of SRI, the formation of common criteria and principles of work in the field of responsible investment will contribute to improving the social life of society, solving environmental problems, and more productive economic development of countries.

In Russia, art trading on auctions is considered to have features of the developing market that does not always follow global trends. Given that the potential of studying the national art market is not sufficiently fulfilled, the author has set the following purposes in this article: to study characteristics of investing in the Russian avant-garde artists and to build an econometric model (on the example of the “Knave of Diamonds” society). The Russian avantgarde is for the first time examined as an area forming general and unique pricing trends. The article analyses the peculiarities and trends of demand for avant-garde painting in 2000–2021, describes the geography of auction sales as well as the level of liquidity of art assets and provides price dynamics of the national and world markets. For these purposes, statistical analysis and visualisation are used, an econometric model is built using censored Heckman regression (Tobit-2). The average yield of M.Z. Chagall’s oil painting has been calculated in the article with the method of repeat sales. The nominal yield of his works, according to the author’s calculations, is 5.1 % which significantly lags behind the same indicator of financial assets. Investing in painting is viewed as a complex phenomenon with unique properties that distinguish the art market from other investments. The article is addressed to investment managers, bankers, collectors, appraisers, and specialists in economy of art.

The article presents an analysis of the main trends and prospects for the development of central bank digital currencies (hereinafter referred to as CBDC) in the global context and in the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF, Russia), comparing them with cryptocurrencies and traditional fiat currencies. Special attention is given to identifying such advantages of digital currencies over conventional ones as independence, security, transparency and the possibility of using smart contracts. However, CBDC, unlike cryptocurrencies, are subject to control and depend on the actions of central banks. The article includes an overview of the experience of various countries such as Russia, China, India, United Arab Emirates, France, and Nigeria. The analysis of the ratio of commission and interest income in the activities of Russian banks has also been conducted. It has been found that commission income in the banking sector is important, and the impact of introducing the digital ruble by the Central Bank of Russia on the banking system has been assessed. In conclusion, recommendations are proposed for introduction of the digital ruble into the daily activities of Russian banks, including consideration of the difficulties for them and active customer engagement as well as the need to create a separate organisation to control the operations of the digital ruble.

The subject of this research is many conditions that contribute to the emergence of crisis phenomena in the financial and economic spheres. The purpose of the article is to study the causes, consequences, and prevention possibilities of financial crises. Among the methodology used, it is necessary to distinguish the analysis of internet-resources corresponding to the subject of the study, their synthesis and generalisation. The detailed analysis of the concept and causes of financial crises, systematisation of information about the possibilities of their avoidance are the main results of the conducted research. The obtained results can be applied in the development of methodologies and recommendations for the prevention of financial crises with consideration to the current situation as well as in the educational process. The prospects for further research on a given topic include: determination of the dynamics and specifics of the development of financial crises, the main development stages, formulation of forecasts about their occurrence in various economic sectors. In conclusion, we will note that, firstly, financial crises represent one of the integral stages of the development of economic relations both in a single country and in the whole world. Secondly, the causes of financial crises may be explained by using a certain theoretical framework with consideration to modern phenomena and, as a rule, are the result of the introduction of new tools, methods ,and ways of management. Thirdly, in order to increase the effectiveness of leveling the negative impact of financial crises, it’s important to apply the integrated approach which includes the implementation of preventive measures not only within the country, but also at the company level.

The article discusses approaches to the definition of the “bullying” concept. Some peculiarities of interpretation of bullying have been established. It is often correlated with socialisation, deviant behaviour and health protection of the younger generations. In the course of examining the history of the given phenomenon as an object of scientific research, it was revealed that according to the first definition proposed in 1993 by the Norwegian psychologist D. Olweus, bullying is deliberate, systematically repeated aggressive behavior that includes inequality of social power or physical strength. Later, there was a division into bullying and mobbing. In the first case, it is about school violence against children, in the second – violence against the adult population. Consideration of bullying as an object of statistical research has determined that at present, bullying statistics are actually at an early stage of development, not allowing to assess such a specific object of research comprehensively, thoroughly and adequately. The paper proposes the concept development for a system of indicators of bullying statistics, identification and justification of its key sections and consistent filling of the latter with indicators that correspond to certain principles (openness, accessibility, etc.). In conclusion, it is extremely important to note that bullying is inadequate, immoral and, in fact, asocial attempts of personal self-affirmation, which bring the phenomenon in question to the level of extremely negative ones that arose historically and continues to exist and actively develop in the school environment. All in all, it requires further study and elaboration.

The authors analysed the system of measures at the federal and local levels aimed at improving the standard of living of the population in such areas as transport system development, affordable housing, demography, medicine, and salary. We conducted an empirical study using a survey method to determine the satisfaction of residents of Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk region, with the quality of life in the city and to identify the most pressing issues, the solution of which will help improve the standard of living of the city population. 330 adult men and women, residents of Magnitogorsk, differing in social status, participated in the survey (in the form of a questionnaire). Ultimately, the authors concluded that the quality of life in Magnitogorsk is low. Many residents are dissatisfied with the environmental situation in the city, the quality of medical care and financial income. This indicates that it is necessary to pursue a social policy aimed at solving these problems. At the same time, the majority of respondents highly appreciate the opportunities for a comfortable life: relatively cheap property, a sufficient number of places in kindergartens and schools, a fairly high level of professional education, employment and career opportunities.

The purpose of the scientific article is to present a study of a recommendation service architecture designed to help applicants in choosing the training area at a higher education institution. The main function of the service is to provide applicants with personalised recommendations for training based on their preferences, interests, academic achievements and ranking of the institution. The architecture is founded on the principle of client-server interaction when clients can receive personalised recommendations and interact with the service through a web interface. The article accomplished the following objectives: the architectural decomposition and description of the main components of the service are completed; a machine learning method is presented, including a collaborative filtering algorithm that is used in the service and allows to consider preferences and offers of other applicants with similar interests and educational profile; recommendations for choosing a user interface for convenient interaction with the service have been developed; test cases have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of the recommendation service. The study shows that the use of the collaborative filtering method in the service architecture makes it possible to achieve high accuracy and satisfaction of applicants when providing recommendations on choosing the training area at a higher education institution. The article has practical significance, as it represents a real application of the machine learning method and service architecture to help applicants choose the field of study. The research results may be useful for the development of similar services in the educational field.

In the conditions of geopolitical instability, globalisation of information space, cultural and digital transformations, it is necessary to pay special attention to the problems of preservation of identity and formation of students’ state-oriented active citizenship, also on the basis of using socio-communicative technologies for managing institutional trust in the authorities. The subject of the study – elements of communicative policy of government officials, public organisations, mass media, aimed at student youth. The purpose of the study is to develop a set of modern technologies to increase the level of students’ institutional trust in the authorities. The research methodology is based on theoretical and methodological provisions of sociology, social psychology, political science to define the phenomena of institutional and social trust as well as the concept of a single information space. As a result of the empirical study, the authors have determined the level of trust in regional and federal authorities, individual socio-economic and political institutions put by students from higher and secondary professional educational organisations; the authors have also identified the causes of low awareness and involvement of student youth in public processes of regional development, and low participation in the activities of specialised all-Russian and regional youth organisations. The technologies for improving the effectiveness of interaction between the authorities and students, as well as in the network information space, are proposed as recommendations.

The article discusses examples of strong (SV > 0.7) simplest nonlinear dependencies in a problem for 114 indicators of 9 psychodiagnostic techniques, which represent exceptions in the context of many specific problems for studying statistical relationships, when two reciprocal dependencies, Y(X) and X(Y), are strong. There were only four such dependencies in the model for quintas of the independent variable within the framework of very weak and weak correlations (a total of 180 strong simplest nonlinear dependencies). The author quantitatively analysed and qualitatively interpreted the dependencies for three pairs of variables: “16PF-E: Submissive – Assertive” of R.B. Cattell’s questionnaire and “Competition” of K.W. Thomas’s methodology (SV = 0.78 and SV’ = 0.72 at r = 0.15); “16PF-Q3: Low self-control – High self-control” and “16PF-L: Trusting – Suspicious” of R.B. Cattell’s questionnaire (SV = 1.17 and SV’ = 0.91 at r = 0.28); “Psychasthenia” of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and “Suspicious type” of T.F. Leary’s methodology (SV = 0.84 and SV’ = 0.73 at r = 0.19). For the pair of variables “Low self-control – High self-control” and “Trusting – Suspicious”, models of linear regression are also considered. It is built on the basis of a dependence that is far from linear, as shown by Pearson’s coefficient of weak correlation equal to 0.28. At the same time, founded on the rule for interpreting the absolute value of the correlation coefficient for a sample of 120 subjects (widely used in the psychological community), it indicates the significance of the relationship at the p = 0.01 level, which inevitably requires a linear interpretation. For clarity, the information discussed in the article is illustrated by graphical representations of the dependencies under consideration.

The article considers the formation of independence in adolescents under the influence of emotional acceptance from parents in Vietnam and Russia. Parental emotional acceptance helps teenagers gain self-confidence and avoid difficulties when they make decisions and solve problems, thereby developing independence in thinking and behaviour. Using the methodologies “Behaviour of parents and the attitude of adolescents to them” by E. Shafer and “Diagnostics of students’ independence” by L.A. Sergienko, the authors analyse the correlation between emotional acceptance from influential parents and the level of a teenager’ autonomy. In addition, the influence of fathers and mothers on the independence of adolescents is different. The results show that emotional acceptance from both parents helps teenagers develop autunomy better than emotional acceptance from just one person. Besides, the level of emotional support is higher among Russian parents than among Vietnamese ones, and this leads to the fact that Russian teenagers are more independent than Vietnamese ones. Emotional acceptance from parents plays an important role in the development of autonomy in children, therefore parents need to create healthy relationships with them.

The purpose of this research work is to identify the features of the Russian students’ professional identity who study in humanitarian, technical, and economic areas of professional training. The theoretical analysis of scientific works, within the framework of which the problem of the Russian students’ professional identity is considered, has allowed us to conclude that most of them are static and isolated, and it largely affects the content of the results. An empirical study of the statuses of 245 students’ professional identity from the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, based on the methodology of J.Е. Marcia, has provided an opportunity to use tools of descriptive and analytical statistics. Due to the frequency analysis of the results of the empirical study, predominance of the state of achieved identity in the overall structure of respondents has been revealed. However, in the course of a more detailed intergroup examination, through the Pearson’ chi-square test, it has been proven that along with the transition from “man – sign” specialties to “man – man” specialties, the number of students with the status of the achieved professional identity decreases. Meanwhile, the number of students who have moratorium of professional identity increases. The scientific novelty of this study lies in a comparative approach to the study of professional identity of students from higher educational institutions.