The key to stable functioning and development of a modern state is the ability to ensure and observe national interests, considering the available priorities, which allows the country to independently carry out political activity, effectively counteracting the attempts of external influence, entailing a threat to national security. The relevance of this issue is quite high for Russia today. Carrying out its activities within the framework of strategic national interests and priorities, the country has faced serious resistance from the Western countries. To a greater extent, this resistance is manifested in artificial external conditions creation for Russia, one of the goals of which is destabilization and subsequent destruction of the country’s economic system. This impact is often manifested in regular implementation of economic sanctions packages. However, many of the implemented measures of influence, in addition to the impact on the economic system, become the cause of conflicts, including military ones. The federal form of the state-territorial structure of Russia implies the need to ensure and maintain a high level of indicators that form national security on the territory of each of the constituent entities, because only this approach will allow to form conditions for stable functioning and development of the state, considering national interests and priorities. The current state of regional social and economic systems, the key indicators list, as well as the degree of their differentiation as a threat to national security of the state have been analyzed.

Provisions of the system integration theory for enterprise by G.B. Kleiner have been analyzed. The hypothesis about the impermanent position of the institutional subsystem relative to the cognitive subsystem in the sandwich pyramid of enterprise and its dependence on the stage of the life cycle has been put forward. The paper presents the results of approbation of application of G.B. Kleiner’s system integration theory for enterprise to the study of innovation-oriented enterprises development processes, as well as their interpretation in terms of the sandwich pyramid from the standpoint of a number of modern concepts of enterprise development management (I. Adizes, P. Senge, and Collins). The hierarchy of enterprise subsystems in the sandwich pyramid, which is characteristic of developing innovation-oriented enterprises and different from the author’s hierarchy, has been substantiated. It has been proved that the institutional subsystem of innovation-oriented enterprises has greater variability than the cognitive one. At the same time, knowledge determines institutions application, and not vice versa. It has been noted that such a hierarchy of subsystems is characteristic of economic systems that implement flexible approaches to project management, such as Agile. The statement that the hierarchy of enterprise subsystems presented by G.B. Kleiner is characteristic primarily for bureaucratic economic systems of hybrid management modes (in V.B. Sirotkin’s terminology) has been substantiated. According to I. Adizes’ life cycle model, ordinary enterprises become such at the stage of “aging” only.

The objectives of the research are the analysis of project activities of charitable foundations as one of the ways to implement public initiatives of citizens. The project activity concept has been disclosed, a number of its peculiarities have been considered. Since project activity in Russia is widely used in various spheres and industries, the charity features, its role in modern society, and manifestation forms have been studied. To date, charitable activity in Russia is carried out for the purpose of social support and protection of citizens, preparing the population to overcome the consequences of natural disasters, environmental, industrial or other disasters, to prevent accidents, etc. The main purpose of charity is to make the world a better place. An important aspect of charitable activity is its deep awareness. One of the powerful mechanisms for supporting the social activity of public organizations of citizens is the project activity of charitable foundations. It is aimed at solving certain tasks in achieving the goal, which contributes to the issue elimination. The aspects to be reflected in the project have been proposed.

A new cultural phenomenon that has been little explored by Russian scientists – the culture of complicity, the essence of which consists in joint development and creation of digital content by members of a virtual community united by interests, standards and values, – has been studied. It has been proved that the co-creation culture, which originated as a form of leisure and entertainment of fandom members, has an underestimated learning potential. Traditional classical university education, due to its conservatism and inertia, continues to rely on old proven teaching methods, while the generation Z, which has become students, due to the specifics of primary socialization, which can be called “digital”, and the digital divide among teachers and learners, is not able to adequately respond to the applied educational methods. The co-creation methodology can be used in higher education, because the activity of virtual community on collective creation of new virtual content gives skills of teamwork, trains creativity, the ability to analyze and evaluate their work and the activities of colleagues in the community. These skills and competencies are important for a university graduate and will help them to adapt and find their place in a dynamically changing society. University will soon have to compete with new models of presenting educational content (free lectures, podcasts, etc.), so the sphere of higher education needs new learning technologies generated by cyberspace.

The relevance of the study lies in the expediency of studying the significance of innovations in health care for health saving of population in the Russian regions in the conditions of demographic challenges for the country. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of innovations in health care on the population’s health and to assess their effectiveness on the example of the Russian regions. Systemic, integrative, and multilevel approaches and statistical and comparative analysis methods were used. The most priority trends in health care at the global level have been identified: emphasis on developing personalized and patient-centered medicine, bioengineering technologies, telemedicine, and digitalization and implementing medical and information innovations using artificial intelligence and gene mapping. The domestic medicine adaptation to new geopolitical conditions and active implementation of import substitution and innovations have been noted. On the example of regional health care systems of Tyumen, Tula, and Sverdlovsk Regions, high efficiency of innovation implementation has been proved. Improvement in the dynamics of medical and demographic indicators and economic effects achievement as a result of reducing losses in morbidity, disability, and mortality in a number of disease profiles contribute to health saving of the population of the regions. The author’s approach to innovations application in regional health care, which considers the integrated implementation of various types of innovations, has been proposed.

An original analysis of the available options of strategies for implementing historical industrial objects transformations has been carried out. Successful examples of project implementation have been presented. Recommendations for organizing work in the field of systematizing transformation projects of historical industrial objects have been offered. The purpose of the study is to examine historical industrial objects transformation as a tool for implementing the regional policy of the EAEU countries. The typology of strategies used for the objects transformation has been carried out. The specifics of each strategy on the example of the implemented projects and promising opportunities for the use of historical industrial objects in the context of regional policy implementation by the EAEU countries have been determined. The array of publications on the subject has been processed, the results of already realized projects have been studied. The comparative method, system analysis, strategic approach, and phenomena typologization were used to identify the most frequently used strategies of objects transformation. The reuse of industrial buildings allows obtaining several effects: increasing the life cycle of industrial buildings, the territory attractiveness, the regional investment attractiveness, new jobs, and improving the environment. A new institutional structure has been proposed to systematize the work in the field of historical industrial objects transformation and to integrate the efforts of all stakeholders. It has been recommended to create a new database that will include promising sites for transformation, which will allow to attract participants for projects implementation.

The purpose of the study is to supplement and clarify the current system of knowledge about the processes of forming and developing the domestic experience of university management automation. The results of the study of genesis and evolution of information technologies of educational management at the State University of Management, which is one of the pioneer universities in the sphere of organizational management processes automation, including in higher education institutions, have been presented. The main stages of developing the processes of educational activity management digitalization, accompanying events, circumstances, and persons who had a significant impact on the course of it have bene outlined. The basic capabilities of digital information technologies, conditioned by the technological level of their development, have been considered as criteria for identifying the stages. The first stage includes developments based on the use of batch mode of information processing, and the second stage includes developments using interactive technologies of interaction between automation systems and end users. The third stage includes systems built on the principles of Web technologies. Possible directions and approaches of further development of university management digitalization systems have been analyzed. The “automation” and “digitalization” terms have been considered as synonymous since from the very first steps digital computers have been used to automate organizational management processes.

The existing problematic aspects of the state customs authorities management system in Russia have been studied. The purpose of the study is to analyze the problematic aspects of the current functional (hierarchical) management model, as well as the advantages of the proposed model of the quality of state customs services quality process management. The relevance of the study is due to the need to modernize the current mechanism of the customs authorities system functional management in order to increase the service activities level in the public sphere. The main objectives of the research are to identify problematic aspects of rendering quality state customs services as a result of the functional management model implementation and to propose options for their minimization and elimination. Theoretical (analysis of current normative legal acts, as well as scientific works) and empirical (practical justification of the need to modernize the current model of the customs system management) methods of research were used. Based on the functional and process management models analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of their implementation have been revealed. The study results are identification of the issues that have a negative impact on the rendered state customs services quality and the proposal of possible options for their solution.

The process of the program-project approach formation within the framework of tourism industry management both at the national and regional levels has been studied. The Vladimir Region has been chosen as the subject of the study. It has been revealed that, despite the built architecture of state programs and projects management, the process of updating and fine-tuning of this system continues, including on the basis of response to external challenges. There is still work to be done to eliminate the temporary inconsistency of target parameters of projects and programs, which results in the blurring of responsibility of management teams and inefficient spending of budget allocations at all levels of management. At present, considering the plans announced by the President of the Russian Federation in April 2024 to implement a new model of economic growth, expand the horizons of budget planning, create conditions for breakthrough disclosure of the potential of all subjects of economic policy in the tourism industry, the program-project method is an effective tool for public policy implementation. Based on the results of the assessment of the current state of the methodological basis for implementing state programs and projects in the field of tourism at the federal and regional levels, recommendations have been developed for a more accelerated and qualitative achievement of the tasks set by the President of the Russian Federation for developing the tourism industry.

Currently, both in the world and in Russia, new oil fi with hard-to-recover reserves are being developed. Every year the quantity of conventional oil reserves is decreasing, and their quality is deteriorating. Hard-to-recover heavy oil reserves are their alternative. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze new promising ways of process management in oil production and refining, which mankind is forced to master in the current situation. The problematics of necessity of transition to heavy and bituminous oil reserves production and refining has been considered. The main known to date methods of heavy oil extraction have been analyzed, and advantages and disadvantages of each of them have been revealed. The characteristics of various methods of heavy oil refining, currently used, as well as the issues and prospects of their implementation have been disclosed. The refinery maintenance market has been analyzed, and the dynamics of the refi ery maintenance market volume has been given. The scheduled maintenance management segment at oil refineries has been considered separately. The volumes of Russian oil refineries maintenance market have been studied. On the basis of the study of world experience the necessity of restructuring the oil production and refining management system in Russia has been revealed. As a result of the comparative analysis the conclusions have been made about the necessity to apply not only traditionally used extraction methods, but also a promising shaft-well extraction method. The prospect of combining technologies of heavy oil refining, as well as the possibility of oil refining with the help of electric discharges has been determined.

Demographic security is an important element of regional and national security, which includes a set of measures aimed at maintaining stable population growth and preserving cultural and ethnic diversity. In the context of economic security, the demographic component plays a key role, as it directly affects region’s labor potential and its investment attractiveness. In the conditions of the demographic crisis, the Krasnodar Region is facing serious economic issues such as labor shortages, declining labor productivity, and rising costs for social services. It may lead to a decrease in its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets, as well as to a deterioration in the general standard of living of the population. The issue of demographic security, which is becoming increasingly important, has been studied. The demographic security concept and its main threats have been considered. The number of natural and migratory population growth, affecting the demographic situation in the Krasnodar Region, which creates certain threats to the economic security of the country, has been analyzed. The main issues that require control and attention from the authorities have been outlined.

The volumes of outsourcing services in the fi of accounting are increasing annually, which is confirmed by domestic statistical data and their analysis. In parallel with the growth in the volume of these services, the issue of ensuring information confidentiality and reliability of data reflected in the accounting (financial) statements generated by outsourcing companies for their clients becomes more relevant, since there are risks not only for the customers of these services, but also for those companies that provide them. However, these risks can be significantly reduced if the personnel of outsourcing companies will have appropriate competencies in internal control as a direct tool to neutralize financial risks. Information about the competencies required by outsourcing companies’ specialists is presented in the description of vacancies posted by employers on various recruiting platforms. Content analysis of these requests allowed us to find out the need for applicants to have professional competencies of not only hard but also soft skills level, and to conclude that traditional knowledge and competencies formed by universities are not enough. This demand of employers should be reflected in the curricula of university training of economic specialists, which is especially important in the conditions of quantitative decrease in their output in recent years.

The purpose of the study is to identify the potential for implementing the data driven approach in the economic environment in Russia, as well as to identify the key barriers and form methodological and practical recommendations for implementing the approach in organizations. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods application, such as theoretical and comparative analysis, systematization, and synthesis. It has been concluded that for full-fledged implementation of data driven approach it is necessary to carry out a sufficiently large number of changes in the direction of digitalization. The analysis of population and business digitalization has shown that, despite the high rate of use of digital services among them, the level of data driven technologies implementation in organizations remains low. The key obstacles to the transition to a data-driven approach and ways to overcome them have been identified. It has been revealed that the process of implementing the approach in organizations of different industries faces a number of limitations, but the basic principles remain unchanged, as well as the fact that the approach implementation can significantly improve organization’s efficiency. The authors formulate an idea of current options, opportunities, and advantages of integrating data driven methodology in Russian organizations. 

The global trend among nations at this moment in time is to preserve nature, abandon fossil energy resources, and strive for carbon neutrality. One of the key links in creating a beautiful future world without dangerous emissions into the atmosphere is vehicles electrification and transition from traditional internal combustion engine to electric propulsion systems. Russia is following agreements with other countries and is trying to reorient itself towards electric cars development. However, the share of such transportation cannot yet compete in any way with the conventional internal combustion engine. Statistical information on the use of electric cars has been studied, which reflects the current situation of this segment of the transportation sector of the economy in various countries of the world. A comparative analysis of the opinions of potential consumers in the Russian and Western mobility vehicles markets based on data taken from open sources has been carried out. Important factors that are essential for consumers in the Russian market have been considered, and measures that can be taken to stimulate demand in this segment have been proposed. The findings can be used to implement  government projects  to increase consumer  demand for economy-class electric cars on the Russian market.

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to adapt the territories of advanced socio-economic development (hereinafter referred as TASED) to the conditions of unprecedented sanctions pressure and ensuring technological sovereignty of Russia. Implementation of more than 11 thousand sanctions restrictions requires a rethinking of approaches to the TASED structural development. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions and practical recommendations for structural adjustment of the economy of TASED to ensure technological sovereignty of Russia. The tasks include analyzing the impact of sanctions pressure on the country’s technological development, researching the correlation between technological and digital sovereignty, assessing the institutional environment role in the TASED development, and developing mechanisms for the qualitative transformation of investment flows. The research methodology is based on the system approach, including methods of statistical, comparative, and institutional analysis, as well as scientific provisions of Schumpeter’s theory, which explains economic growth through innovation. The research of M.Yu. Golovnin, E.B. Lenchuk, O.S. Sukhareva and other authors was used as materials. The study results show that the TASED effective structural adaptation requires a transition from quantitative increase of investments to their qualitative distribution, an integral innovation ecosystem formation, and ensuring a complete production cycle at domestic enterprises. The key role of the institutional environment in the TASED innovation potential development has been revealed.

Digitalization is a key factor in today’s economic development, with a significant impact on various industries, including logistics. With the growing need to optimize business processes and reduce costs, digitalization becomes particularly relevant. Various definitions of the term “digitalization” have been considered in order to choose the most appropriate one for analyzing its impact on logistics and companies’ economy. It has been emphasized that digitalization in logistics, including implementation of electronic document management and modern information technologies, contributes to a significant reduction in operating costs, process acceleration, and risk minimization. The current impact of logistics on companies’ costs in conditions of economic instability has been analyzed, which emphasizes the increasing role of digital technologies in improving competitiveness and business efficiency. The purpose of the study is to give the author’s definition of digitalization in the logistics sphere, to determine its role in the processes occurring in the industry, and to reflect the impact of these processes on companies’ costs. Using the method of systematic analysis of scientific sources and regulatory documents governing the sphere, the trends of digital transformation of companies in the field of logistics, which are relevant today, have been investigated. The hypothesis of the study is that the choice of the digitalization definition, which covers not only technological aspects, but also management decisions, will allow a more accurate assessment of its impact on economy and efficiency of enterprises. The necessity of continued investment in digitalization for successful business in the current environment has been emphasized.

High rates of the construction industry development and reduction of construction time and administrative burden in investment and construction projects preparation require defining effective approaches to project management. It has been revealed that individuality of the approach to investment and construction projects comes from the financing mechanisms, the features of capital construction objects being erected, the industry specifics, and customers’ needs. In this regard, it is necessary to consider these features when implementing projects. Several approaches used in construction project management have been studied, the most preferable one – the cascade method, which is also called Waterfall, – has been defined. Its advantages have been investigated considering the construction industry peculiarities. The cascade approach is characterized by its linear sequence, phases of execution, and reduced flexibility for changes. Its disadvantages have been reflected, and proposals for improving investment and construction projects management using this method have been presented. The potential of using this approach in construction, processes optimization, and performance improvement considering the industry specifics have been defined. It will contribute to more effective goals achievement and satisfaction of the needs of all stakeholders.

Despite the colossal scale of Russia’s territory, the country’s economy continues to be extremely centralized. The Central Federal District stands out among the other federal districts in the rating of the socio-economic status of the regions, but not according to the indicators of all the regions that make up the district, but thanks to Moscow, which has a high level of resource concentration that ensures high rates of development. Key institutions, main economic and socio-political resources, and strategic national and foreign companies are located in the capital. For this reason, the economic potential of both other federal districts and the regions that make up the Central Federal District remains unrealized. The purpose of the study is to examine the resource concentration degree in the center and its impact on the level of development of the regions that make up the district and the country as a whole. The methodological and normative basis of the study was the Federal State Statistics Service data, the Federal Tax Service reports, and the RIA Rating agency rating results. It has been found that the high degree of resource concentration, including investment, in the center, in particular in Moscow, negatively affects the level of social and economic development of other districts, as well as constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the level of income and life quality of the population living in them.

The processes associated with changes in approaches to the definition and research of the scientific knowledge concept in the digital society have been analyzed. The authors proceed from understanding of the nature of science through the scientific knowledge analysis as a scientific cognition result, thus arriving at the need to demarcate the concepts of scientific knowledge, scientific information, scientific data, and other cognitive constructs. The first part of the study examines these concepts through the prism of the information approach, constructivism, systemic approach, phenomenology, and postmodernism. The second part of the study addresses the question of whether knowledge can exist outside individual consciousness, have its own independent life in society, and be digitized. Two approaches have been considered. Within the framework of the first one, knowledge is a suprapersonal phenomenon and has the ability to exist independently outside its creator. Within the framework of the second one, when knowledge is detached from its creator, it loses its original form and is transformed into information capable of being commodified, which is not a complete reflection of knowledge. It has been shown that within the framework of the second approach digitalization leads to cognitive impoverishment of society due to the loss of the part of scientifi knowledge that cannot be digitized. As an alternative approach, the information and cognitive scientifi product of society concept, which can be used as a framework concept, has been proposed. This product is a set of explicit scientific knowledge and socially significant scientific information that actively circulates in the information space of society.

One of the values declared by the President of the Russian Federation is a strong family bond. The Constitution of the Russian Federation and other federal laws actively implement support for family and motherhood. While raising children, a woman is deprived of the opportunity to work full-time and earn her pension rights. As a result, her pension may be lower than that of her husband. Many researchers equate a woman’s domestic childcare labor with full-time labor, which is referred to as parental labor. It proves that a woman should not be disadvantaged in pension rights. At a young age, citizens do not think about it, and understanding comes at elder years when the opportunity for earning a decent pension has already been missed. Measures to strengthen the protection of women, motherhood, and, accordingly, family values by dividing pension rights between spouses, as well as the tax burden, have been analyzed. The German case, where family values are most pronounced and the divorce rate is comparatively low, has been studied. The positive experience has been proposed to be implemented in Russia by introducing appropriate legislative changes.

The emotional intelligence category has been studied. Different approaches to victimization and propensity to victim behavior in adolescents have been considered. Modern scientific works on the stated issue have been analyzed. Studies related to the emotional sphere are gaining popularity, since the changes taking place in the world negatively affect people’s emotional state. Most of all, emotional intelligence is associated with conflict and the ability to build relationships in a peer group. Adolescence is a sensitive age for emotional intelligence development. This period is also associated with victimization behavior. The conducted study involved 110 students aged 15 years of Semenovskaya and Grishkovskaya secondary general education schools (59 girls and 51 boys). It has been revealed that adolescents have an average level of emotional intelligence development, as well as an average level of propensity to different types of victim behavior. In addition, understanding of one’s emotions is related to the propensity to victim behavior in adolescents. The identified relationships will allow for the design of a program aimed at developing emotional intelligence in adolescents.

The relationship between involvement and locus of control has been studied. The subject of the study is the involvement of working students with internal and external locus of control. The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between the involvement degree of working students with different locus of control. In the course of theoretical analysis, the multifaceted nature of the involvement phenomenon in different scientific fields and its psychological properties have been revealed. The research review is presented by early scientific works on the issue of internalization and involvement. The empirical part presents the description of the study of working students. The average involvement and internality scores among working students have been studied: they are involved in their work, and the scores are above average. The dependence of the indicators of internality and involvement of working students has been revealed empirically and substantiated theoretically: the higher their internality, the higher the involvement degree in their work. According to the study results, working students who have a high index of internality in the sphere of achievements are more energetic and involved in work. The significant role of the achievement phenomenon in the professional sphere has been revealed.

Psychological adaptation and individual possibilities in the process of living in crisis situations have been revealed. The crisis situation concept has been analyzed in detail. For the most effective living of crisis situations people need highly developed adaptive capabilities of personality. It is one of the key moments of constructive crisis living. The purpose of the study is to identify the interrelation of individual adaptive capabilities and peculiarities of living in crisis situations in adulthood. Hypothesis of the study is that there is a connection between individual adaptive capabilities and peculiarities of living in crisis situations in adulthood. The study involved 40 people, among them 80 % of women and 20 % of men aged 25 to 45 years (M = 35,95). The following methods were used for empirical research: theoretical and analytical literature review, diagnostic techniques (Personal Experience of Psychological Crisis questionnaire by S.V. Dukhnovsky and Adaptability multilevel personality questionnaire by A.G. Maklakov and S.V. Chermyanin), and Spearman correlation analysis. It has been found that the majority of respondents are in constructive living of the acute crisis with a favorable forecast of the way out of the crisis situation. At the same time, 65 % of the respondents have a low level of personal adaptation potential. Using the mathematical statistics methods the presence of the interrelation of adaptive capacity and living in crisis situations in adulthood has been revealed.

The empirical research results based on the dispositional concept of V.A. Yadov have been considered. The studied structure of social sphere specialists’ perceptions allows us to identify the main attitudes in relation to an extreme situation (personal, value, elementary, and basic perceptions components). The methods of M.I. Rozenova, V.I. Morosanova, Levy (modified by V.E. Petrov and L.I. Bogateeva) were used: “Semantic differential”, “Self-regulation profile questionnaire”, “Unfinished sentences”, “Exposure to extreme situations”, “Extreme situations”, “Personality in an extreme situation”. The study results have been processed using qualitative methods, including content analysis. The study results may allow to further study psychological readiness of a specialist to work with complex cases in the social sphere and outline a work plan to improve professional competence. The study is a continuation of the previous study of representations of an extreme situation among the military personnel and students, and it is also planned to study other social groups.

A number of arguments have been made in favor of the continuity of the State University of Management from the Alexander Commercial School, on the basis of which in the early years of Soviet power first the Moscow Industrial and Economic Technical School and then the Moscow Industrial and Economic Practical Institute were founded. From the time of their creation, April 30, 1919, the university’s life legally begins and anniversary dates are officially celebrated. Archival data and artifacts of that period have survived until today and are of great importance for the historical evolution of the university. There are ideas about the presence of continuity not only through the change of names and residences according to official documents, but also by indirect and actual signs such as teaching staff, material and technical facilities, educational programs, scientific school, and pedagogical traditions. In spite of the different trajectories of educational programs for students formed as programs of commercial school, commercial trade courses, and then industrial practical, engineering, and management courses, they demonstrated high demand at the stages of history of the educational institution (pre-revolutionary, Soviet, modern). The value of recognizing the revealed facts about history of the higher education institution in one form or another has been emphasized. The year 2025 is an anniversary year for the State University of Management since 145 years ago the Alexander Commercial School was founded, and 140 years ago the first academic year started.